Journal Article

Independent links between plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity and levels of adipokines

Furuhashi, Masato, Shimamoto, Kazuaki, Murase, Takayo, Koyama, Masayuki, Saitoh, Shigeyuki, Tanaka, Marenao, Matsumoto, Megumi, Moniwa, Norihito, Nakamura, Takashi, Ohnishi, Hirofumi, Higashiura, Yukimura, Miura, Tetsuji

2019

Overview

Aims/Introduction Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a rate‐limiting enzyme that catalyzes uric acid formation in the purine metabolism, is involved in an increase in reactive oxygen species. Plasma XOR activity has been shown to be associated with obesity, smoking, liver dysfunction, hyperuricemia, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Materials and Methods The association between plasma XOR activity, measured by using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, and levels of adipokines, including adiponectin, fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (FABP4) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), was investigated in 282 participants (male/female: 126/156) of the Tanno‐Sobetsu Study who were not taking medication. Results Women had lower plasma XOR activity than did men. Smoking habit was associated with increased activity. Plasma XOR activity was positively correlated with concentrations of FABP4 (r = 0.192, P < 0.001) and FGF21 (r = 0.208, P < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance as an index of insulin resistance and uric acid, and was negatively correlated with adiponectin level (r = −0.243, P = 0.001). Multivariate regression analyses showed that levels of adiponectin, FABP4 and FGF21 were independent determinants of plasma XOR activity after adjusting age, sex, uric acid and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. With additional adjustment of smoking habit, the level of FABP4, but not that of adiponectin or FGF21, remained as an independent predictor of plasma XOR activity. Conclusions Plasma XOR activity was independently associated with levels of adipokines in a general population of individuals not taking medication. Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of uric acid from hypoxanthine and xanthine, leading to an increase in reactive oxygen species. Plasma XOR activity was independently associated with several adipokines, including fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (FABP4), adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), in a general population of individuals not taking medication.

• Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc,John Wiley and Sons Inc,Wiley
• Subject: Adipocytes / Adipokine / Adiponectin / Adiponectin - blood / Atherosclerosis / Biomarkers / Biomarkers - blood / Blood pressure / Body mass index / Chromatography / Cohort Studies / Dyslipidemia / Endothelium / Enzymes / Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins - blood / Fatty acids / Female / Fibroblast growth factors / Fibroblast Growth Factors - blood / Follow-Up Studies / Habits / Homeostasis / Humans / Hyperuricemia / Inslin resistance / Insulin / Insulin Resistance / Laboratories / Liquid chromatography / Liver / Liver diseases / Male / Mass spectrometry / Mass spectroscopy / Metabolism / Middle Aged / Obesity - blood / Obesity - physiopathology / Original / Oxidative stress / Population / Reactive oxygen species / Regression analysis / Scientific imaging / Smoking / Studies / Uric acid / Variables / Xanthine Dehydrogenase - blood / Xanthine oxidoreductase