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Ultrafast Bond Softening in Bismuth: Mapping a Solid's Interatomic Potential with X-rays

by George, M.J , Hillyard, P.B , Pahl, R , Gaffney, K.J , Schlarb, H , Akre, R.A , Kienberger, R , Lee, S.H , Blome, C , Fuoss, P.H , Montagne, T , Bucksbaum, P.H , Fahy, S , Tschentscher, Th , Lindenberg, A.M , Kammler, M , Falcone, R.W , Sokolowski-Tinten, K , Linde, D. von der , Arthur, J , Engemann, S , Hastings, J.B , Kaspar, J , Fritz, D.M , Meyer, D , McFarland, B , Siddons, D.P , Reis, D.A , Murray, É.D , Horn-von Hoegen, M , Nicoul, M , Krejcik, P , Cavalieri, A.L , Adams, B , Rudati, J , Hajdu, J , Hertlein, M.P , Nelson, A.J

in Atoms / Biologi / Biology / Bismuth / Bonding / Charge carriers / Chemical bonds / Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties / Coordinate systems / Crystal binding; cohesive energy / Crystalline state (including molecular motions in solids) / Density / Electrons / energy / Exact sciences and technology / Excitation / Femtosecond / Fysik / Lasers / Mapping / NATURAL SCIENCES / NATURVETENSKAP / phase transition / Phonons / Physics / Potential energy / Scientific imaging / Structure of solids and liquids; crystallography / Wave diffraction / X-radiation / X-ray sources / X-rays

2007

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Ultrafast Bond Softening in Bismuth: Mapping a Solid's Interatomic Potential with X-rays

2007

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Ultrafast Bond Softening in Bismuth: Mapping a Solid's Interatomic Potential with X-rays

2007

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Journal Article

Ultrafast Bond Softening in Bismuth: Mapping a Solid's Interatomic Potential with X-rays

George, M.J,

Hillyard, P.B,

Pahl, R,

Gaffney, K.J,

Schlarb, H,

Akre, R.A,

Kienberger, R,

Lee, S.H,

Blome, C,

Fuoss, P.H,

Montagne, T,

Bucksbaum, P.H,

Fahy, S,

Tschentscher, Th,

Lindenberg, A.M,

Kammler, M,

Falcone, R.W,

Sokolowski-Tinten, K,

Linde, D. von der,

Arthur, J,

Engemann, S,

Hastings, J.B,

Kaspar, J,

Fritz, D.M,

Meyer, D,

McFarland, B,

Siddons, D.P,

Reis, D.A,

Murray, É.D,

Horn-von Hoegen, M,

Nicoul, M,

Krejcik, P,

Cavalieri, A.L,

Adams, B,

Rudati, J,

Hajdu, J,

Hertlein, M.P,

Nelson, A.J

2007

Overview

Intense femtosecond laser excitation can produce transient states of matter that would otherwise be inaccessible to laboratory investigation. At high excitation densities, the interatomic forces that bind solids and determine many of their properties can be substantially altered. Here, we present the detailed mapping of the carrier density-dependent interatomic potential of bismuth approaching a solid-solid phase transition. Our experiments combine stroboscopic techniques that use a high-brightness linear electron accelerator-based x-ray source with pulse-by-pulse timing reconstruction for femtosecond resolution, allowing quantitative characterization of the interatomic potential energy surface of the highly excited solid.

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Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science,The American Association for the Advancement of Science

Subject

Atoms

/ Biologi

/ Biology

/ Bismuth

/ Bonding

/ Charge carriers

/ Chemical bonds