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Challenges and Future Perspectives in Modeling Neurodegenerative Diseases Using Organ‐on‐a‐Chip Technology
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Challenges and Future Perspectives in Modeling Neurodegenerative Diseases Using Organ‐on‐a‐Chip Technology
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Journal Article
Challenges and Future Perspectives in Modeling Neurodegenerative Diseases Using Organ‐on‐a‐Chip Technology
2024
Overview
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) affect more than 50 million people worldwide, posing a significant global health challenge as well as a high socioeconomic burden. With aging constituting one of the main risk factors for some NDDs such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), this societal toll is expected to rise considering the predicted increase in the aging population as well as the limited progress in the development of effective therapeutics. To address the high failure rates in clinical trials, legislative changes permitting the use of alternatives to traditional pre‐clinical in vivo models are implemented. In this regard, microphysiological systems (MPS) such as organ‐on‐a‐chip (OoC) platforms constitute a promising tool, due to their ability to mimic complex and human‐specific tissue niches in vitro. This review summarizes the current progress in modeling NDDs using OoC technology and discusses five critical aspects still insufficiently addressed in OoC models to date. Taking these aspects into consideration in the future MPS will advance the modeling of NDDs in vitro and increase their translational value in the clinical setting. Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) affect over 50 million globally, posing a growing health and economic burden. Traditional in vivo models have high failure rates in clinical trials. Organ‐on‐a‐chip (OoC) technology offers a promising alternative, closely mimicking human tissue niches in vitro. This review discusses OoC's progress in NDD modeling and identifies five critical areas needing further development to increase clinical translation.
