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Activation of innate immune antiviral responses by Nod2
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Journal Article
Activation of innate immune antiviral responses by Nod2
2009
Overview
The intracellular 'biosensor' Nod2 responds to bacterial peptidoglycan by inducing activation of the transcription factor NF-κB. Bose and colleagues now find that Nod2 can also function as a cytoplasmic viral pattern-recognition receptor.
Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and RIG-like helicase (RLH) receptors, are involved in innate immune antiviral responses. Here we show that nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (Nod2) can also function as a cytoplasmic viral PRR by triggering activation of interferon-regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and production of interferon-β (IFN-β). After recognition of a viral ssRNA genome, Nod2 used the adaptor protein MAVS to activate IRF3. Nod2-deficient mice failed to produce interferon efficiently and showed enhanced susceptibility to virus-induced pathogenesis. Thus, the function of Nod2 as a viral PRR highlights the important function of Nod2 in host antiviral defense mechanisms.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group US,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - immunology
/ Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - metabolism
/ Animals
/ Biological response modifiers
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
/ Fluorescent Antibody Technique
/ Genomes
/ Humans
/ Interferon regulatory factor 3
/ Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 - biosynthesis
/ Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 - immunology
/ Interferon-beta - biosynthesis
/ Interferon-beta - immunology
/ Mice
/ Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein - genetics
/ Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein - immunology
/ Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein - metabolism
/ Receptors, Pattern Recognition - genetics
/ Receptors, Pattern Recognition - immunology
/ Receptors, Pattern Recognition - metabolism
