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Heritability of brain resilience to perturbation in humans
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Heritability of brain resilience to perturbation in humans
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Journal Article
Heritability of brain resilience to perturbation in humans
2021
Overview
•Strokes, traumatic lesions, tumors and neurodegenerative disorders are all examples of neurological conditions that can severely impair the normal functioning of the human brain.•Given the same amount of damage, a lot of variability exists in individual outcomes, a phenomenon often attributed to so-called “brain resilience”.•By simulating brain lesions in a large dataset of twins, we investigated whether brain resilience is mainly influenced by genetic factor or by environmental factors.•Results imply both heritable and environmental components of brain resilience, which may be important for designing interventions to help build individual resilience.
Resilience is the capacity of complex systems to persist in the face of external perturbations and retain their functional properties and performance. In the present study, we investigated how individual variations in brain resilience, which might influence response to stress, aging and disease, are influenced by genetics and/or the environment, with potential implications for the implementation of resilience-boosting interventions. Resilience estimates were derived from in silico lesioning of either brain regions or functional connections constituting the connectome of healthy individuals belonging to two different large and unique datasets of twins, specifically: 463 individual twins from the Human Connectome Project and 453 individual twins from the Colorado Longitudinal Twin Study. As has been reported previously, moderate heritability was found for several topological indexes of brain efficiency and modularity. Importantly, evidence of heritability was found for resilience measures based on removal of brain connections rather than specific single regions, suggesting that genetic influences on resilience are preferentially directed toward region-to-region communication rather than local brain activity. Specifically, the strongest genetic influence was observed for moderately weak, long-range connections between a specific subset of functional brain networks: the Default Mode, Visual and Sensorimotor networks. These findings may help identify a link between brain resilience and network-level alterations observed in neurological and psychiatric diseases, as well as inform future studies investigating brain shielding interventions against physiological and pathological perturbations.
