Journal Article

Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremity after total hip arthroplasty

Abudurexiti, Tuerhongjiang, Haibier, Abuduwupuer, Kayierhan, Aiben, Hang, Lin

2024

Overview

Objective To investigate the risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods Patients who underwent THA in the Department of Joint Surgery at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from September 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively selected based on inclusion criteria. They were divided into the DVT group ( n  = 65) and the non-DVT group ( n  = 397) according to the occurrence of postoperative DVT. The following variables were reviewed for both groups: age, sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), affected limb, previous history (smoking and drinking), diabetes, hypertension, operation time, total cholesterol, triglycerides, fibrinogen, hemoglobin, albumin, platelets, D-dimer, International Normalized Ratio (INR), and fibrin degradation products. Univariate analysis was conducted on these factors, and those with statistical significance were further analyzed using a binary logistic regression model to assess their correlation with DVT after THA. Results A total of 462 patients were included in the study, with the DVT group representing approximately 14% and the non-DVT group approximately 86%. The DVT group had an average age of 67.27 ± 4.10 years, while the non-DVT group had an average age of 66.72 ± 8.69 years. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in diabetes mellitus, preoperative fibrinogen, preoperative D-dimer, preoperative INR, and preoperative and postoperative fibrin degradation products between the DVT and non-DVT groups. Binary logistic regression analysis identified diabetes mellitus, elevated preoperative fibrinogen, preoperative D-dimer, and preoperative INR ( p  < 0.05) as risk factors for DVT after THA. Conclusion This study found that diabetes mellitus, elevated preoperative fibrinogen, preoperative D-dimer, and preoperative INR are independent risk factors for DVT following THA. Surgeons should thoroughly assess these risk factors, implement timely and effective interventions, and guide patients to engage in functional exercises as early as possible to reduce the incidence of DVT, thereby improving the outcomes of THA and improving patient quality of life.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Age / Aged / Anticoagulants / Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip - adverse effects / Biomedical materials / Blood clots / Body mass index / Body size / Bone surgery / Cholesterol / Deep venous thrombosis / Degradation / Degradation products / Diabetes / Diabetes mellitus / Dimers / Disease prevention / Female / Fibrin / Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products - analysis / Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products - metabolism / Fibrinogen / Hemoglobin / Hip / Hip joint / Hospital patients / Humans / Hypertension / Internal Medicine / Joint replacement surgery / Lower Extremity - blood supply / Male / Medical colleges / Medical research / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Medicine, Experimental / Middle Aged / Orthopaedic implants / Orthopedics / Patients / Postoperative Complications - epidemiology / Postoperative Complications - etiology / Quality of life / Regression analysis / Regression models / Rehabilitation / Retrospective Studies / Risk factor / Risk Factors / Rivaroxaban / Statistical analysis / Statistical models / Surgery / Thromboembolism / Thrombosis / Total hip arthroplasty / Total hip replacement / Tranexamic acid / Triglycerides / Ultrasonic imaging / Veins / Venous Thrombosis - epidemiology / Venous Thrombosis - etiology