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Taxonomy of the Trichophyton mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale Species Complex Harboring the Highly Virulent, Multiresistant Genotype T. indotineae
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Taxonomy of the Trichophyton mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale Species Complex Harboring the Highly Virulent, Multiresistant Genotype T. indotineae
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Journal Article
Taxonomy of the Trichophyton mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale Species Complex Harboring the Highly Virulent, Multiresistant Genotype T. indotineae
2021
Overview
A severe outbreak of highly virulent and multi-resistant dermatophytosis by species in the
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
/
T
.
interdigitale
complex is ongoing in India. The correct identity of the etiologic agent is a much-debated issue. In order to define species limits, a taxonomic study was undertaken combining molecular, morphological, and physiological characteristics as evidence of classification. Molecular characteristics show that
T. mentagrophytes s. str
. and
T. interdigitale s. str
. can be distinguished with difficulty from each other, but are unambiguously different from the Indian genotype,
T
.
indotineae
by sequences of the HMG gene. The entities were confirmed by multilocus analysis using tanglegrams. Phenotypic characters of morphology and physiology are not diagnostic, but statistically significant differences are observed between the molecular siblings. These properties may be drivers of separate evolutionary trends.
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
represents the ancestral, homothallic cloud of genotypes with a probable geophilic lifestyle, while
T
.
indotineae
and
T
.
interdigitale
behave as anthropophilic, clonal offshoots. The origin of
T
.
indotineae
, which currently causes a significant public health problem, is zoonotic, and its emergence is likely due to widespread misuse of antifungals.
Publisher
Springer Netherlands,Springer,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
