Journal Article

Cost-effectiveness of severe acute malnutrition treatment delivered by community health workers in the district of Mayahi, Niger

Gado, Abdoul Aziz, Charle-Cuéllar, Pilar, Ferrer, José M., Sanoussi, Atté, Dougnon, Abdias Ogobara, Ousmane, Nassirou, Lazoumar, Ramatoulaye Hamidou, Molanes-López, Elisa M.

2024

Overview

Background A non-randomized controlled trial, conducted from June 2018 to March 2019 in two rural communes in the health district of Mayahi in Niger, showed that including community health workers (CHWs) in the treatment of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) resulted in a better recovery rate (77.2% vs. 72.1%) compared with the standard treatment provided solely at the health centers. The present study aims to assess the cost and cost-effectiveness of the CHWs led treatment of uncomplicated SAM in children 6–59 months compared to the standard national protocol. Methods To account for all relevant costs, the cost analysis included activity-based costing and bottom-up approaches from a societal perspective and on a within-trial time horizon. The cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted through a decision analysis network built with OpenMarkov and evaluated under two approaches: (1) with recovery rate and cost per child admitted for treatment as measures of effectiveness and cost, respectively; and (2) assessing the total number of children recovered and the total cost incurred. In addition, a multivariate probabilistic sensitivity analysis was carried out to evaluate the effect of uncertainty around the base case input data. Results For the base case data, the average cost per child recovered was 116.52 USD in the standard treatment and 107.22 USD in the CHWs-led treatment. Based on the first approach, the CHWs-led treatment was more cost-effective than the standard treatment with an average cost per child admitted for treatment of 82.81 USD vs. 84.01 USD. Based on the second approach, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of the transition from the standard to the CHWs-led treatment amounted to 98.01 USD per additional SAM case recovered. Conclusions In the district of Mayahi in Niger, the CHWs-led SAM treatment was found to be cost-effective when compared to the standard protocol and provided additional advantages such as the reduction of costs for households. Trial registration : ISRCTN with ID 31143316. https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN31143316

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Acute disease / Analysis / Care and treatment / Caregivers / Child, Preschool / Children & youth / Community health care / Community health services / Community Health Workers / Community health workers (CHWs) / Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) / Cost analysis / Cost-Benefit Analysis / Cost-effectiveness / Cost-Effectiveness Analysis / Data collection / Decision analysis network (DAN) / Economic aspects / Edema / Health Administration / Health Services Research / Households / Human Resource Development / Human Resource Management / Humans / Infant / Intervention / Malnutrition / Medical care, Cost of / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Niger / Nurses / Patient outcomes / Practice and Hospital Management / Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) / Severe Acute Malnutrition - therapy / Social Policy