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Differential virulence between Asian and African lineages of Zika virus
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Differential virulence between Asian and African lineages of Zika virus
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Journal Article
Differential virulence between Asian and African lineages of Zika virus
2017
Overview
Phylogenetic analyses show that ZIKV can be classified into 2 main lineages: the African lineage and the Asian lineage, the latter of which is responsible for the recent epidemics. Because recent ZIKV infections were associated with the development of congenital and neurological disorders, a key question was raised as to whether Asian-lineage ZIKV strains were phenotypically different from the African lineage strains. Importantly, infections with African strains resulted in more weight loss, mortality, and severe prolonged neurological symptoms compared to Asian strains. [...]induction of type 1 and 2 interferon (IFN) were higher following infection with African strains associated with enhanced levels of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL6) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF). [...]these systems have limitations, in particular, studying viral pathogenesis using animals lacking a key component of antiviral immunity, which makes it still difficult to derive definitive conclusions regarding ZIKV virulence in humans. [...]many unanswered questions remain, in particular, regarding the mechanisms of host restriction, immune evasion, and inflammatory response as well as the long-term neurodevelopmental implications of congenital infection in humans. [...]the data reviewed here indicate that there are intrinsic differences in the pathogenicity/virulence of African- and Asian-lineage ZIKV strains.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
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