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Maintenance of postmitotic neuronal cell identity
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Maintenance of postmitotic neuronal cell identity
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Journal Article
Maintenance of postmitotic neuronal cell identity
2014
Overview
This Review discusses the molecular mechanisms by which neuronal identity is maintained throughout animals' development and lives. Drawing from the invertebrate and vertebrate literature, Deneris and Hobert also describe common themes, where the initial specification of neurons and subsequent maintenance of cell identity may share transcriptional programming and transcription factors. The piece also discusses such mechanism's implications for neurological diseases.
The identity of specific cell types in the nervous system is defined by the expression of neuron type–specific gene batteries. How the expression of such batteries is initiated during nervous system development has been under intensive study over the past few decades. However, comparatively little is known about how gene batteries that define the terminally differentiated state of a neuron type are maintained throughout the life of an animal. Here we provide an overview of studies in invertebrate and vertebrate model systems that have carved out the general and not commonly appreciated principle that neuronal identity is maintained in postmitotic neurons by the sustained, and often autoregulated, expression of the same transcription factors that initiate terminal differentiation in a developing organism. Disruption of postmitotic maintenance mechanisms may result in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group US,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ 64/11
/ 64/110
/ 64/114
/ 64/24
/ 64/60
/ 82/51
/ Analysis
/ Animal Genetics and Genomics
/ Animals
/ Cell Differentiation - genetics
/ Cell Differentiation - physiology
/ Enzymes
/ Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
/ Genes
/ Humans
/ Nervous System Diseases - physiopathology
/ Neural Pathways - physiology
/ Neuronal Plasticity - physiology
/ Neurons
