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The interferon stimulated gene 20 protein (ISG20) is an innate defense antiviral factor that discriminates self versus non-self translation
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The interferon stimulated gene 20 protein (ISG20) is an innate defense antiviral factor that discriminates self versus non-self translation
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Journal Article
The interferon stimulated gene 20 protein (ISG20) is an innate defense antiviral factor that discriminates self versus non-self translation
2019
Overview
ISG20 is a broad spectrum antiviral protein thought to directly degrade viral RNA. However, this mechanism of inhibition remains controversial. Using the Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) as a model RNA virus, we show here that ISG20 interferes with viral replication by decreasing protein synthesis in the absence of RNA degradation. Importantly, we demonstrate that ISG20 exerts a translational control over a large panel of non-self RNA substrates including those originating from transfected DNA, while sparing endogenous transcripts. This activity correlates with the protein's ability to localize in cytoplasmic processing bodies. Finally, these functions are conserved in the ISG20 murine ortholog, whose genetic ablation results in mice with increased susceptibility to viral infection. Overall, our results posit ISG20 as an important defense factor able to discriminate the self/non-self origins of the RNA through translation modulation.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
/ Animals
/ Antiviral Agents - pharmacology
/ Biological response modifiers
/ Computer and Information Sciences
/ DNA
/ Exoribonucleases - pharmacology
/ Exoribonucleases - physiology
/ Humans
/ Kinases
/ Mice
/ Microbiology and Parasitology
/ Proteins
/ Research and Analysis Methods
/ RNA
/ Vesicular Stomatitis - drug therapy
/ Vesicular Stomatitis - immunology
/ Vesicular Stomatitis - virology
/ Vesiculovirus - drug effects
/ Virology
/ Virus Replication - drug effects
/ Viruses
