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Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today's diseases
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Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today's diseases
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Journal Article
Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today's diseases
2003
Overview
Chloroquine is a 9-aminoquinoline known since 1934. Apart from its well-known antimalarial effects, the drug has interesting biochemical properties that might be applied against some viral infections. Chloroquine exerts direct antiviral effects, inhibiting pH-dependent steps of the replication of several viruses including members of the flaviviruses, retroviruses, and coronaviruses. Its best-studied effects are those against HIV replication, which are being tested in clinical trials. Moreover, chloroquine has immunomodulatory effects, suppressing the production/release of tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin 6, which mediate the inflammatory complications of several viral diseases. We review the available information on the effects of chloroquine on viral infections, raising the question of whether this old drug may experience a revival in the clinical management of viral diseases such as AIDS and severe acute respiratory syndrome, which afflict mankind in the era of globalisation.
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd,Elsevier Limited
Subject
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy
/ Antimalarials - therapeutic use
/ Chloroquine - therapeutic use
/ Human immunodeficiency virus
/ Humans
/ Immune System - drug effects
/ Severe acute respiratory syndrome
/ Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - drug therapy
