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Epidemiological survey and genetic diversity of Bartonella in fleas collected from rodents in Fujian Province, Southeast China
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Epidemiological survey and genetic diversity of Bartonella in fleas collected from rodents in Fujian Province, Southeast China
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Journal Article
Epidemiological survey and genetic diversity of Bartonella in fleas collected from rodents in Fujian Province, Southeast China
2024
Overview
Background
Fleas, considered to be the main transmission vectors of
Bartonella
, are highly prevalent and show great diversity. To date, no investigations have focused on
Bartonella
vectors in Southeast China. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of
Bartonella
in fleas in Southeast China.
Methods
From 2016 to 2022, flea samples (
n
= 1119) were collected from 863 rodent individuals in seven inland and coastal cities in Southeast China. Flea species, region, gender, host species and habitat were recorded. The DNA samples from each individual flea were screened by real-time PCR for the
Bartonella
ssrA
gene. All positive samples were confirmed by PCR based on the presence of the
gltA
gene and sequenced. The factors associated with
Bartonella
infection were analyzed by the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. ANOVA and the t-test were used to compare
Bartonella
DNA load.
Results
Bartonella
DNA was detected in 26.2% (293/1119) of the flea samples, including in 27.1% (284/1047) of
Xenopsylla cheopis
samples, 13.2% (5/38) of
Monopsyllus anisus
samples, 8.3% (2/24) of
Leptopsylla segnis
samples and 20.0% (2/10) of other fleas (
Nosopsyllus nicanus
,
Ctenocephalides felis
,
Stivalius klossi bispiniformis
and
Neopsylla dispar fukienensis
). There was a significant difference in the prevalence of
Bartonella
among flea species, sex, hosts, regions and habitats. Five species of
Bartonella
fleas were identified based on sequencing and phylogenetic analyses targeting the
gltA
gene:
B. tribocorum
,
B. queenslandensis
,
B. elizabethae
,
B. rochalimae
and
B. coopersplainsensis
.
Conclusions
There is a high prevalence and diversity of
Bartonella
infection in the seven species of fleas collected in Southeast China. The detection of zoonotic
Bartonella
species in this study, including
B. tribocorum, B. elizabethae
and
B. rochalimae,
raises public health concerns.
Graphical Abstract
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,BMC
Subject
/ Animals
/ Bartonella - isolation & purification
/ Bartonella Infections - epidemiology
/ Bartonella Infections - microbiology
/ Bartonella Infections - transmission
/ Bartonella Infections - veterinary
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ China
/ Control
/ DNA
/ Female
/ Flea Infestations - epidemiology
/ Flea Infestations - parasitology
/ Flea Infestations - veterinary
/ Fleas
/ gender
/ Genes
/ habitats
/ hosts
/ Identification and classification
/ Insect Vectors - microbiology
/ Male
/ PCR
/ quantitative polymerase chain reaction
/ Rodent Diseases - epidemiology
/ Rodent Diseases - microbiology
/ Rodent Diseases - parasitology
/ rodents
/ species
/ t-test
/ Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
/ Virology
