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Tree rings reveal globally coherent signature of cosmogenic radiocarbon events in 774 and 993 CE

by Myglan, Vladimir S , Fowler, Anthony M , Griessinger, Jussi , Lequesne, Carlos , Wacker, Lukas , Luckman, Brian , Treydte, Kerstin , Linderholm, Hans W , Kyncl, Tomáš , Department of Geosciences [University of Arizona] ; University of Arizona , Departement de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie ; Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR) , Lara, Antonio , Global Change Research Centre (CzechGlobe) , Beer, Jürg , National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) , Villalba, Ricardo , Churakova (sidorova), Olga , Kirdyanov, Alexander , Krusic, Paul J , Mendel University in Brno (MENDELU) , Masaryk University [Brno] = Masarykova univerzita [Brno] = Université Masaryk [Brno] (MU / MUNI) , Tegel, Willy , Stockholm University , Esper, Jan , Gennaretti, Fabio , Harvard Forest ; Harvard University , Office for Urbanism ; Partenaires INRAE , Institute of Geography ; Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck , Miyake, Fusa , Wunder, Jan , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Grissino-Mayer, Henri , Jull, A. J. Timothy , Hessl, Amy , Institut Paul Scherre

in 704/106/35 / 704/106/413 / 704/172/169/824 / 8th century / Archaeology / Archives & records / Arkeologi / Auroras / Carbon 14 / Cellulose / Dating / Dendrochronology / Hemispheres / Humanities and Social Sciences / Interdisciplinary aspects / Life Sciences / multidisciplinary / Proton irradiation / Science / Science (multidisciplinary) / Solar protons / Stratosphere / Tree rings

2018

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Tree rings reveal globally coherent signature of cosmogenic radiocarbon events in 774 and 993 CE

2018

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Tree rings reveal globally coherent signature of cosmogenic radiocarbon events in 774 and 993 CE

2018

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Journal Article

Tree rings reveal globally coherent signature of cosmogenic radiocarbon events in 774 and 993 CE

Myglan, Vladimir S,

Fowler, Anthony M,

Griessinger, Jussi,

Lequesne, Carlos,

Wacker, Lukas,

Luckman, Brian,

Treydte, Kerstin,

Linderholm, Hans W,

Kyncl, Tomáš,

Department of Geosciences [University of Arizona] ; University of Arizona,

Departement de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie ; Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR),

Lara, Antonio,

Global Change Research Centre (CzechGlobe),

Beer, Jürg,

National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR),

Villalba, Ricardo,

Churakova (sidorova), Olga,

Kirdyanov, Alexander,

Krusic, Paul J,

Mendel University in Brno (MENDELU),

Masaryk University [Brno] = Masarykova univerzita [Brno] = Université Masaryk [Brno] (MU / MUNI),

Tegel, Willy,

Stockholm University,

Esper, Jan,

Gennaretti, Fabio,

Harvard Forest ; Harvard University,

Office for Urbanism ; Partenaires INRAE,

Institute of Geography ; Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck,

Miyake, Fusa,

Wunder, Jan,

Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),

Grissino-Mayer, Henri,

Jull, A. J. Timothy,

Hessl, Amy,

Institut Paul Scherre

2018

Overview

Though tree-ring chronologies are annually resolved, their dating has never been independently validated at the global scale. Moreover, it is unknown if atmospheric radiocarbon enrichment events of cosmogenic origin leave spatiotemporally consistent fingerprints. Here we measure the C-14 content in 484 individual tree rings formed in the periods 770-780 and 990-1000 CE. Distinct C-14 excursions starting in the boreal summer of 774 and the boreal spring of 993 ensure the precise dating of 44 tree-ring records from five continents. We also identify a meridional decline of 11-year mean atmospheric radiocarbon concentrations across both hemispheres. Corroborated by historical eye-witness accounts of red auroras, our results suggest a global exposure to strong solar proton radiation. To improve understanding of the return frequency and intensity of past cosmic events, which is particularly important for assessing the potential threat of space weather on our society, further annually resolved C-14 measurements are needed.

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Nature Publishing Group,CCSD,Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Portfolio

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