Journal Article

Influence of sediment composition on PAH toxicity using zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryo-larval assays

Le Bihanic, Florane, Bustamante, Paco, Cachot, Jérôme, Le Menach, Karyn, Budzinski, Hélène, Perrichon, Prescilla, Cousin, Xavier

2014

Overview

Due to hydrophobic and persistent properties, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have a high capacity to accumulate in sediment. Sediment quality criteria, for the assessment of habitat quality and risk for aquatic life, include understanding the fate and effects of PAHs. In the context of European regulation (REACH and Water Framework Directive), the first objective was to assess the influence of sediment composition on the toxicity of two model PAHs, benzo[a]pyrene and fluoranthene using 10-day zebrafish embryo-larval assay. This procedure was undertaken with an artificial sediment in order to limit natural sediment variability. A suitable sediment composition might be then validated for zebrafish and proposed in a new OECD guideline for chemicals testing. Second, a comparative study of toxicity responses from this exposure protocol was then performed using another OECD species, the Japanese medaka. The potential toxicity of both PAHs was assessed through lethal (e.g., survival, hatching success) and sublethal endpoints (e.g., abnormalities, PMR, and EROD) measured at different developmental stages, adapted to the embryonic development time of both species. Regarding effects observed for both species, a suitable artificial sediment composition for PAH toxicity testing was set at 92.5 % dry weight (dw) silica of 0.2–0.5-mm grain size, 5 % dw kaolin clay without organic matter for zebrafish, and 2.5 % dw blond peat in more only for Japanese medaka. PAH bioavailability and toxicity were highly dependent on the fraction of organic matter in sediment and of the Kₒwcoefficients of the tested compounds. The biological responses observed were also dependent of the species under consideration. Japanese medaka embryos appeared more robust than zebrafish embryos for understanding the toxicity of PAHs following a sediment contact test, due to the longer exposure duration and lower sensitivity of sediment physical properties.

• Publisher: Springer-Verlag,Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer Nature B.V,Springer Verlag
• Subject: Animals / Aquatic life / Aquatic organisms / Aquatic Pollution / Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution / Benzo(a)pyrene / Bioavailability / Biological Assay - instrumentation / Biological Assay - methods / Chemicals / clay / Comparative studies / Danio rerio / Developmental stages / Earth and Environmental Science / Ecotoxicology / Embryogenesis / Embryonic Development - drug effects / Embryonic growth stage / Embryos / Environment / Environmental Chemistry / Environmental Health / Environmental Monitoring - instrumentation / Environmental Monitoring - methods / Environmental quality / exposure duration / Fluoranthene / Geologic Sediments - chemistry / habitats / Hatching / Hydrocarbons / Hydrophobicity / Kaolin / Larva - drug effects / Larva - growth & development / Life Sciences / Metabolism / Molecular weight / Organic matter / Oryzias - embryology / Oryzias latipes / PAHs and fish – Exposure monitoring and adverse effects – from molecular to individual level / Peat / Physical properties / Pollutants / Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons / Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis / Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - toxicity / Quality / risk / Risk assessment / Sediment composition / Sediments / Sensitivity analysis / Silica / Toxicity / Toxicity testing / Toxicology / Waste Water Technology / Water Management / Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis / Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity / Water Pollution Control / Zebrafish / Zebrafish - growth & development