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Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus employs the cysteine protease staphopain A to induce host cell death in epithelial cells
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Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus employs the cysteine protease staphopain A to induce host cell death in epithelial cells
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Journal Article
Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus employs the cysteine protease staphopain A to induce host cell death in epithelial cells
2021
Overview
Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen, which can invade and survive in non-professional and professional phagocytes. Uptake by host cells is thought to contribute to pathogenicity and persistence of the bacterium. Upon internalization by epithelial cells, cytotoxic S . aureus strains can escape from the phagosome, replicate in the cytosol and induce host cell death. Here, we identified a staphylococcal cysteine protease to induce cell death after translocation of intracellular S . aureus into the host cell cytoplasm. We demonstrated that loss of staphopain A function leads to delayed onset of host cell death and prolonged intracellular replication of S . aureus in epithelial cells. Overexpression of staphopain A in a non-cytotoxic strain facilitated intracellular killing of the host cell even in the absence of detectable intracellular replication. Moreover, staphopain A contributed to efficient colonization of the lung in a mouse pneumonia model. In phagocytic cells, where intracellular S . aureus is exclusively localized in the phagosome, staphopain A did not contribute to cytotoxicity. Our study suggests that staphopain A is utilized by S . aureus to exit the epithelial host cell and thus contributes to tissue destruction and dissemination of infection.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
