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Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis confirms Ostreidae classification
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Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis confirms Ostreidae classification
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Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis confirms Ostreidae classification
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Journal Article
Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis confirms Ostreidae classification
2011
Overview
Background
Because of its typical architecture, inheritance and small size, mitochondrial (mt) DNA is widely used for phylogenetic studies. Gene order is generally conserved in most taxa although some groups show considerable variation. This is particularly true in the phylum Mollusca, especially in the Bivalvia. During the last few years, there have been significant increases in the number of complete mitochondrial sequences available. For bivalves, 35 complete mitochondrial genomes are now available in GenBank, a number that has more than doubled in the last three years, representing 6 families and 23 genera. In the current study, we determined the complete mtDNA sequence of
O. edulis
, the European flat oyster. We present an analysis of features of its gene content and genome organization in comparison with other
Ostrea
,
Saccostrea
and
Crassostrea
species.
Results
The
Ostrea edulis
mt genome is 16 320 bp in length and codes for 37 genes (12 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs and 23 tRNAs) on the same strand. As in other Ostreidae,
O. edulis
mt genome contains a split of the
rrnL
gene and a duplication of
trnM
. The tRNA gene set of
O. edulis
,
Ostrea denselamellosa
and
Crassostrea virginica
are identical in having 23 tRNA genes, in contrast to Asian oysters, which have 25 tRNA genes (except for
C. ariakensis
with 24).
O. edulis
and
O. denselamellosa
share the same gene order, but differ from other Ostreidae and are closer to
Crassostrea
than to
Saccostrea
. Phylogenetic analyses reinforce the taxonomic classification of the 3 families Ostreidae, Mytilidae and Pectinidae. Within the Ostreidae family the results also reveal a closer relationship between
Ostrea
and
Saccostrea
than between
Ostrea
and
Crassostrea
.
Conclusions
Ostrea edulis
mitogenomic analyses show a high level of conservation within the genus
Ostrea
, whereas they show a high level of variation within the Ostreidae family. These features provide useful information for further evolutionary analysis of oyster mitogenomes.
