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An investigation of causal relationships between prediabetes and vascular complications
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Journal Article
An investigation of causal relationships between prediabetes and vascular complications
2020
Overview
Prediabetes is a state of glycaemic dysregulation below the diagnostic threshold of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Globally, ~352 million people have prediabetes, of which 35–50% develop full-blown diabetes within five years. T2D and its complications are costly to treat, causing considerable morbidity and early mortality. Whether prediabetes is causally related to diabetes complications is unclear. Here we report a causal inference analysis investigating the effects of prediabetes in coronary artery disease, stroke and chronic kidney disease, complemented by a systematic review of relevant observational studies. Although the observational studies suggest that prediabetes is broadly associated with diabetes complications, the causal inference analysis revealed that prediabetes is only causally related with coronary artery disease, with no evidence of causal effects on other diabetes complications. In conclusion, prediabetes likely causes coronary artery disease and its prevention is likely to be most effective if initiated prior to the onset of diabetes.
Prediabetes has been associated with diabetes complications, but these relationships may be confounded. Here the authors show, using genetic data in causal inference analyses, that prediabetes raises risk of coronary heart disease, but not other diabetes complications.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ 45/43
/ Cardiovascular Diseases - complications
/ Cardiovascular Diseases - genetics
/ Coronary Artery Disease - complications
/ Diabetes
/ Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Observational Studies as Topic
/ Prediabetic State - complications
/ Prediabetic State - genetics
/ Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - complications
/ Science
