Journal Article

An Update on Diabetic Women Obstetrical Outcomes Linked to Preconception and Pregnancy Glycemic Profile: A Systematic Literature Review

Gizzo, Salvatore, Noventa, Marco, Gangemi, Michele, Patrelli, Tito Silvio, Di Gangi, Stefania, Berretta, Roberto, Nardelli, Giovanni Battista, Bertin, Martina, Rossanese, Marta

2013

Overview

Women with type 2 diabetes were less likely to have diabetes related complications than women with type 1. Women with type 1 diabetes had a high prepregnancy care and showed a worse glycemic control than women with type 2 both in the preconception period and during pregnancy. Obstetrical outcomes showed that preeclampsia and stillbirth rate is almost doubled in type 1 patients while perinatal deaths and SGA importantly increased in type 2 diabetes. In modern obstetrical care it is mandatory to maintain glucose levels as close to normal as possible particularly in diabetic population. HbA1C no higher than 6% before pregnancy and during the first trimester seems to decrease the risk of adverse obstetrical outcomes. Both the preconceptional counseling and glycemic profile optimization represent a fundamental step to improve pregnancy outcomes in women with preexisting diabetes. A systematic approach to family planning and the availability of preconception care for all diabetic women who desire pregnancy could be an essential step for diabetic management program.

• Publisher: Hindawi Publishing Corporation,John Wiley & Sons, Inc,Hindawi Limited,Wiley
• Subject: Demographic aspects / Diabetes / Diabetes mellitus (insulin dependent) / Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood / Diabetics / Disease management / Family planning / Female / Glycemic Index / Health aspects / Humans / Labor, Obstetric / Literature reviews / Optimization / Pre-eclampsia / Pre-Eclampsia - blood / Preeclampsia / Pregnancy / Pregnancy complications / Pregnancy in Diabetics - blood / Pregnancy, Complications of / Review / Risk factors / Risk reduction / Stillbirth