Journal Article

Screening for posttraumatic stress disorder in ARDS survivors: validation of the Impact of Event Scale-6 (IES-6)

Bienvenu, O. Joseph, Leoutsakos, Jeannie-Marie S., Li, Ximin, Hopkins, Ramona O., Dinglas, Victor D., Needham, Dale M., Parker, Ann M., Hosey, Megan M., Neufeld, Karin J.

2019

Overview

Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are common in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) survivors. Brief screening instruments are needed for clinical and research purposes. We evaluated internal consistency, external construct, and criterion validity of the Impact of Event Scale-6 (IES-6; 6 items) compared to the original Impact of Event Scale—Revised (IES-R; 22 items) and to the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) reference standard evaluation in ARDS survivors. Methods This study is a secondary analysis from two independent multi-site, prospective studies of ARDS survivors. Measures of internal consistency, and external construct and criterion validity were evaluated. Results A total of 1001 ARDS survivors (51% female, 76% white, mean (SD) age 49 (14) years) were evaluated. The IES-6 demonstrated internal consistency over multiple time points up to 5 years after ARDS (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.96; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.94 to 0.97). The IES-6 demonstrated stronger correlations with related constructs (e.g., anxiety and depression; |r| = 0.32 to 0.52) and weaker correlations with unrelated constructs (e.g., physical function and healthcare utilization measures (|r| = 0.02 to 0.27). Criterion validity evaluation with the CAPS diagnosis of PTSD in a subsample of 60 participants yielded an area under receiver operating characteristic curve (95% CI) of 0.93 (0.86, 1.00), with an IES-6 cutoff score of 1.75 yielding 0.88 sensitivity and 0.85 specificity. Conclusions The IES-6 is reliable and valid for screening for PTSD in ARDS survivors and may be useful in clinical and research settings.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,BMC
• Subject: Adult / Adult respiratory distress syndrome / Aged / Critical care / Critical Care Medicine / Depression (Mood disorder) / Diagnosis / Emergency Medicine / Female / Humans / Intensive / Male / Mass Screening - instrumentation / Mass Screening - methods / Mass Screening - trends / Medical research / Medical schools / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Mental health / Mental health screening / Methods / Middle Aged / Patient outcomes / Post-traumatic stress disorder / Posttraumatic stress disorder / Prospective Studies / Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Psychological aspects / Psychometric / Psychometrics - instrumentation / Psychometrics - methods / Quality of Life - psychology / Respiratory distress syndrome / Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult - complications / Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult - psychology / Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis / Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - etiology / Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology / Surveys and Questionnaires / Survivors - psychology / Survivorship / Validation studies