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Hurdles to breakthrough in CAR T cell therapy of solid tumors
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Hurdles to breakthrough in CAR T cell therapy of solid tumors
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Journal Article
Hurdles to breakthrough in CAR T cell therapy of solid tumors
2022
Overview
Autologous T cells genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) have shown promising outcomes and emerged as a new curative option for hematological malignancy, especially malignant neoplasm of B cells. Notably, when T cells are transduced with CAR constructs, composed of the antigen recognition domain of monoclonal antibodies, they retain their cytotoxic properties in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner. Despite its beneficial effect, the current CAR T cell therapy approach faces myriad challenges in solid tumors, including immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor antigen heterogeneity, stromal impediment, and tumor accessibility, as well as tribulations such as on-target/off-tumor toxicity and cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Herein, we highlight the complications that hamper the effectiveness of CAR T cells in solid tumors and the strategies that have been recommended to overcome these hurdles and improve infused T cell performance.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ B cells
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
/ Cancer
/ Collagen
/ Enzymes
/ Genetically modified organisms
/ Humans
/ Leukemia
/ Lymphoma
/ Major histocompatibility complex
/ Receptors, Chimeric Antigen - genetics
/ Regenerative Medicine/Tissue Engineering
/ Review
/ T cells
/ Tumors
