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Evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effect of thymoquinone on piroplasm parasites
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Evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effect of thymoquinone on piroplasm parasites
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Journal Article
Evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effect of thymoquinone on piroplasm parasites
2019
Overview
Background
Developing new antibabesial drugs with a low toxic effect to the animal and with no resistance from
Babesia
parasites is in urgent demand. In this concern, the antimalarial, anticancer and antioxidant effect of thymoquinone (TQ), a phytochemical compound found in the plant
Nigella sativa
, has been reported. Therefore, in the present study, the antibabesial effect of this compound was evaluated on the growth of piroplasm parasites.
Results
Significant inhibition (
P
< 0.05) of the
in vitro
growth of piroplasm parasites were observed after treatment by TQ with IC
50
values of 35.41 ± 3.60, 7.35 ± 0.17, 0.28 ± 0.016, 74.05 ± 4.55 and 67.33 ± 0.94 μM for
Babesia bovis
,
Babesia bigemina
,
Babesia divergens
,
Theileria equi
and
Babesia caballi
, respectively. The
in vitro
inhibitory effect of TQ was significantly enhanced (
P
< 0.05) when used in combination with either diminazene aceturate on bovine
Babesia
and equine
Babesia
and
Theileria
cultures. In
B. microti
-infected mice, oral and intraperitoneal administrations of TQ showed significant (
P
< 0.05) inhibition of parasite growth at a dose of 70 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg, respectively, compared to the control group.
Conclusions
The obtained results indicate that thymoquinone might be a promising medicinal compound for use in the treatment of animal piroplasmosis.
