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The genome of oil-Camellia and population genomics analysis provide insights into seed oil domestication
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Journal Article
The genome of oil-Camellia and population genomics analysis provide insights into seed oil domestication
2022
Overview
Background
As a perennial crop, oil-Camellia possesses a long domestication history and produces high-quality seed oil that is beneficial to human health.
Camellia oleifera
Abel. is a sister species to the tea plant, which is extensively cultivated for edible oil production. However, the molecular mechanism of the domestication of oil-Camellia is still limited due to the lack of sufficient genomic information.
Results
To elucidate the genetic and genomic basis of evolution and domestication, here we report a chromosome-scale reference genome of wild oil-Camellia (2.95 Gb), together with transcriptome sequencing data of 221 cultivars. The oil-Camellia genome, assembled by an integrative approach of multiple sequencing technologies, consists of a large proportion of repetitive elements (76.1%) and high heterozygosity (2.52%). We construct a genetic map of high-density corrected markers by sequencing the controlled-pollination hybrids. Genome-wide association studies reveal a subset of artificially selected genes that are involved in the oil biosynthesis and phytohormone pathways. Particularly, we identify the elite alleles of genes encoding
sugar-dependent triacylglycerol lipase 1
,
β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III
, and
stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturases
; these alleles play important roles in enhancing the yield and quality of seed oil during oil-Camellia domestication.
Conclusions
We generate a chromosome-scale reference genome for oil-Camellia plants and demonstrate that the artificial selection of elite alleles of genes involved in oil biosynthesis contributes to oil-Camellia domestication.
Publisher
BioMed Central,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ Acyl carrier protein synthase
/ Alleles
/ Animal Genetics and Genomics
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Camellia
/ Genome
/ Genome-wide association analysis
/ Genome-wide association studies
/ Genome-Wide Association Study
/ Genomes
/ Genomics
/ Humans
/ Hybrids
/ Microbial Genetics and Genomics
/ Oilseeds
/ Proteins
/ Seeds
/ species
/ tea
