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Small CRISPR RNAs Guide Antiviral Defense in Prokaryotes
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Small CRISPR RNAs Guide Antiviral Defense in Prokaryotes
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Journal Article
Small CRISPR RNAs Guide Antiviral Defense in Prokaryotes
2008
Overview
Prokaryotes acquire virus resistance by integrating short fragments of viral nucleic acid into clusters of regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs). Here we show how virus-derived sequences contained in CRISPRs are used by CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins from the host to mediate an antiviral response that counteracts infection. After transcription of the CRISPR, a complex of Cas proteins termed Cascade cleaves a CRISPR RNA precursor in each repeat and retains the cleavage products containing the virus-derived sequence. Assisted by the helicase Cas3, these mature CRISPR RNAs then serve as small guide RNAs that enable Cascade to interfere with virus proliferation. Our results demonstrate that the formation of mature guide RNAs by the CRISPR RNA endonuclease subunit of Cascade is a mechanistic requirement for antiviral defense.
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science,The American Association for the Advancement of Science
Subject
/ Bacteriophage lambda - genetics
/ Bacteriophage lambda - growth & development
/ Biokemi
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ CRISPR
/ dna
/ elements
/ Escherichia coli - metabolism
/ Escherichia coli K12 - genetics
/ Escherichia coli K12 - metabolism
/ Escherichia coli K12 - virology
/ Escherichia coli Proteins - chemistry
/ Escherichia coli Proteins - genetics
/ Escherichia coli Proteins - metabolism
/ Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
/ Genes
/ Genetics
/ Genetik
/ Proteins
/ provides acquired-resistance
/ repeats
/ Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
/ Replicative cycle, interference, host-virus relations, pathogenicity, miscellaneous strains
/ RNA
/ sequence
/ system
/ Virology
/ Viruses
