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Syndromic diarrhea/Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome
by
Martinez-Vinson, Christine
, Fabre, Alexandre
, Goulet, Olivier
, Badens, Catherine
in
Analysis
/ Child, Preschool
/ Diagnosis, Differential
/ Diarrhea
/ Diarrhea - complications
/ Diarrhea - diagnosis
/ Diarrhea - genetics
/ DNA Helicases - genetics
/ Female
/ Fetal Growth Retardation
/ Gene mutations
/ Genetic aspects
/ Genetics
/ Health aspects
/ Human Genetics
/ Humans
/ Immunodeficiency
/ Infant
/ Infants
/ Intestinal Diseases - diagnosis
/ Intestinal Diseases - genetics
/ Intractable diarrhea
/ Life Sciences
/ Liver Diseases - diagnosis
/ Liver Diseases - genetics
/ Male
/ Medical research
/ Medicine
/ Medicine & Public Health
/ Medicine, Experimental
/ Mental illness
/ Pharmacology/Toxicology
/ Rare diseases
/ Review
/ RNA
/ SKI COMPLEX
/ SKI2
/ SKI3
/ SKI8
/ SKIV2L
/ Sports facilities
/ Syndrome
/ Syndromic diarrhea
/ Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome
/ TTC37
/ WDR61
/ Woolly hair
2013
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Syndromic diarrhea/Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome
by
Martinez-Vinson, Christine
, Fabre, Alexandre
, Goulet, Olivier
, Badens, Catherine
in
Analysis
/ Child, Preschool
/ Diagnosis, Differential
/ Diarrhea
/ Diarrhea - complications
/ Diarrhea - diagnosis
/ Diarrhea - genetics
/ DNA Helicases - genetics
/ Female
/ Fetal Growth Retardation
/ Gene mutations
/ Genetic aspects
/ Genetics
/ Health aspects
/ Human Genetics
/ Humans
/ Immunodeficiency
/ Infant
/ Infants
/ Intestinal Diseases - diagnosis
/ Intestinal Diseases - genetics
/ Intractable diarrhea
/ Life Sciences
/ Liver Diseases - diagnosis
/ Liver Diseases - genetics
/ Male
/ Medical research
/ Medicine
/ Medicine & Public Health
/ Medicine, Experimental
/ Mental illness
/ Pharmacology/Toxicology
/ Rare diseases
/ Review
/ RNA
/ SKI COMPLEX
/ SKI2
/ SKI3
/ SKI8
/ SKIV2L
/ Sports facilities
/ Syndrome
/ Syndromic diarrhea
/ Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome
/ TTC37
/ WDR61
/ Woolly hair
2013
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Syndromic diarrhea/Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome
by
Martinez-Vinson, Christine
, Fabre, Alexandre
, Goulet, Olivier
, Badens, Catherine
in
Analysis
/ Child, Preschool
/ Diagnosis, Differential
/ Diarrhea
/ Diarrhea - complications
/ Diarrhea - diagnosis
/ Diarrhea - genetics
/ DNA Helicases - genetics
/ Female
/ Fetal Growth Retardation
/ Gene mutations
/ Genetic aspects
/ Genetics
/ Health aspects
/ Human Genetics
/ Humans
/ Immunodeficiency
/ Infant
/ Infants
/ Intestinal Diseases - diagnosis
/ Intestinal Diseases - genetics
/ Intractable diarrhea
/ Life Sciences
/ Liver Diseases - diagnosis
/ Liver Diseases - genetics
/ Male
/ Medical research
/ Medicine
/ Medicine & Public Health
/ Medicine, Experimental
/ Mental illness
/ Pharmacology/Toxicology
/ Rare diseases
/ Review
/ RNA
/ SKI COMPLEX
/ SKI2
/ SKI3
/ SKI8
/ SKIV2L
/ Sports facilities
/ Syndrome
/ Syndromic diarrhea
/ Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome
/ TTC37
/ WDR61
/ Woolly hair
2013
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Journal Article
Syndromic diarrhea/Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome
2013
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Overview
Syndromic diarrhea/Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome (SD/THE) is a rare and severe bowel disorder caused by mutation in
SKIV2L
or in
TTC37
, 2 genes encoding subunits of the putative human SKI complex. The estimated prevalence is 1/1,000,000 births and the transmission is autosomal recessive. The classical form is characterized by 5 clinical signs: intractable diarrhea of infancy beginning in the first month of life, usually leading to failure to thrive and requiring parenteral nutrition; facial dysmorphism characterised by prominent forehead and cheeks, broad nasal root and hypertelorism; hair abnormalities described as woolly and easily removable; immune disorders resulting from defective antibody production; intrauterine growth restriction. The aetiology is a defect in
TTC37
, a TPR containing protein, or in the RNA helicase
SKIV2L
, both constituting the putative human ski complex. The ski complex is a heterotetrameric cofactor of the cytoplasmic RNA exosome which ensures aberrants mRNAs decay. The diagnosis SD/THE is initially based on clinical findings and confirmed by direct sequencing of
TTC37
and
SKIV2L
. Differential diagnosis with the other causes of intractable diarrhea is easily performed by pathologic investigations. During their clinical course, most of the children require parenteral nutrition and often immunoglobulin supplementation. With time, some of them can be weaned off parenteral nutrition and immunoglobulin supplementation. The prognosis depends on the management and is largely related to the occurrence of parenteral nutrition complications or infections. Even with optimal management, most of the children seem to experience failure to thrive and final short stature. Mild mental retardation is observed in half of the cases.
in French
Les diarrhées syndromiques ou syndrome tricho-hepato-enterique (SD/THE) sont un syndrome rare et sévère dont l’incidence est estimée à 1 cas pour 1 million de naissances et la transmission autosomique récessive. La forme typique associe 5 signes cliniques: une diarrhée grave rebelle nécessitant dans la majorité des cas une nutrition parentérale du fait de la malnutrition, une dysmorphie avec un front large et bombé, une racine du nez large et un hypertélorisme, des anomalies des cheveux qui sont fragiles, cassants, incoiffables et qualifiés de « laineux », un retard de croissance intra utérine et des anomalies de l’immunité à type de déficit en immunoglobuline ou d’absence de réponse aux antigènes vaccinaux. Des anomalies de deux protéines peuvent être à l’origine du syndrome SD/THE:
TTC37
, une protéine à motif TPR et
SKIV2L
, une hélicase à ARN, toutes 2 étant des constituants du complexe SKI humain. Le complexe SKI est un co-facteur de l’exosome cytoplasmique qui assure la dégradation des ARN aberrants ou exogènes. Le diagnostic est d’abord clinique puis confirmé par le séquençage des gènes
TTC37
et
SKIV2L
. Le diagnostic différentiel avec les autres formes de diarrhées intraitables est fait grâce aux analyses anatomopathologiques qui montrent dans les autres formes, des lésions spécifiques. La prise en charge clinique repose sur la nutrition parentérale et la supplémentation en immunoglobuline si nécessaire. Un certain nombre d’enfants peuvent être sevrés de la nutrition parentérale et des supplémentations en immunoglobulines. En cas d’atteinte hépatique, celle-ci peut être sévère et conduire au décès. Même avec une prise en charge optimale, les enfants présentent une petite taille et, dans la moitié des cas, un retard mental modéré.
Disease name/synonyms – Syndromic diarrhea – Phenotypic diarrhea – Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome – Intractable diarrhea of infancy with facial dysmorphism – Trichorrhexis nodosa and cirrhosis – Neonatal hemochromatosis phenotype with intractable diarrhea and hair abnormalities – Intractable infant diarrhea associated with phenotypic abnormalities and immune deficiency- Syndromatic diarrhea. [ORPHA84064 MIM 222470 and MIM614602]. Possibly chronic diarrhea and skin hyperpigmentation.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
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