Journal Article

Infectious disease surveillance in U.S. jails: Findings from a national survey

Brinkley-Rubinstein, Lauren, Beckwith, Curt G., Omori, Marisa, Maner, Morgan, Nowotny, Kathryn

2022

Overview

While infectious diseases (ID) are a well-documented public health issue in carceral settings, research on ID screening and treatment in jails is lacking. A survey was sent to 1,126 jails in the United States to identify the prevalence of health screenings at intake and characteristics of care for ID; 371 surveys were completed correctly and analyzed. Despite conflicting Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidance, only seven percent of surveyed jails test individuals for HIV at admission. In 46% of jails, non-healthcare personnel perform ID screenings. Jails in less urban areas were more likely to report healthcare screenings performed by correctional officers. Survey findings indicate that HIV, HCV and TB testing during jail admissions and access to PrEP are severely lacking in less urban jails in particular. Recommendations are provided to improve ID surveillance and address the burden of ID in correctional facilities.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome / AIDS / Antiretroviral drugs / Biology and Life Sciences / Communicable diseases / Correctional institutions / Disease control / Disease prevention / Disease transmission / Drug use / Health care / Health risks / Health surveillance / Hepatitis C / HIV / Human immunodeficiency virus / Imprisonment / Infectious diseases / Medical screening / Medical tests / Medicine and Health Sciences / Narcotics / People and Places / Polls & surveys / Prevention / Prison officers / Prisons / Public health / Research and Analysis Methods / Safety and security measures / Sexual behavior / Social Sciences / Surveillance / Surveys / Tuberculosis / Urban areas / Workforce planning