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Disulfiram use is associated with lower risk of COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study

by Sander, Chris , Bell, Steven , Brophy, Mary , Wu, Hao , Do, Nhan , Fillmore, Nathanael , Nguyen, Vinh , Strymish, Judith , Mehta, Gautam , Shen, Ciyue , La, Jennifer , Lieberman, Judy , Dubreuil, Maureen

in Alcohol use / Anti-inflammatory agents / Biology and life sciences / Clinical trials / Cohort analysis / Complications and side effects / Confidence intervals / Coronaviruses / COVID-19 / COVID-19 vaccines / Data science / Disulfiram / Epidemiology / Fatalities / Health care policy / Health risks / Hospitals / Immunization / Infections / Inflammation / Medical schools / Medicine / Medicine and health sciences / Mortality / Observational studies / Oral administration / Patient outcomes / Pharmacy / Physical Sciences / Primary care / R&D / Research & development / Rheumatology / Risk management / Risk reduction / Sepsis / Severe acute respiratory syndrome / Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 / Statistical analysis / Veterans / Viral diseases

2021

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Disulfiram use is associated with lower risk of COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study

2021

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Disulfiram use is associated with lower risk of COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study

2021

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Journal Article

Disulfiram use is associated with lower risk of COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study

Sander, Chris,

Bell, Steven,

Brophy, Mary,

Wu, Hao,

Do, Nhan,

Fillmore, Nathanael,

Nguyen, Vinh,

Strymish, Judith,

Mehta, Gautam,

Shen, Ciyue,

La, Jennifer,

Lieberman, Judy,

Dubreuil, Maureen

2021

Overview

Effective, low-cost therapeutics are needed to prevent and treat COVID-19. Severe COVID-19 disease is linked to excessive inflammation. Disulfiram is an approved oral drug used to treat alcohol use disorder that is a potent anti-inflammatory agent and an inhibitor of the viral proteases. We investigated the potential effects of disulfiram on SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease severity in an observational study using a large database of clinical records from the national US Veterans Affairs healthcare system. A multivariable Cox regression adjusted for demographic information and diagnosis of alcohol use disorder revealed a reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection with disulfiram use at a hazard ratio of 0.66 (34% lower risk, 95% confidence interval 24–43%). There were no COVID-19 related deaths among the 188 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients treated with disulfiram, in contrast to 5–6 statistically expected deaths based on the untreated population (P = 0.03). Our epidemiological results suggest that disulfiram may contribute to the reduced incidence and severity of COVID-19. These results support carefully planned clinical trials to assess the potential therapeutic effects of disulfiram in COVID-19.

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Publisher

Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Subject

Alcohol use

/ Anti-inflammatory agents

/ Biology and life sciences

/ Clinical trials

/ Cohort analysis

/ Complications and side effects

/ Confidence intervals