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Investigations on the interplays between Schistosoma mansoni, praziquantel and the gut microbiome
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Journal Article
Investigations on the interplays between Schistosoma mansoni, praziquantel and the gut microbiome
2018
Overview
Background
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease burdening millions of people. One drug, praziquantel, is currently used for treatment and control. Clinically relevant drug resistance has not yet been described, but there is considerable heterogeneity in treatment outcomes, ranging from cure to only moderate egg reduction rates. The objectives of this study are to investigate potential worm-induced dysbacteriosis of the gut microbiota and to assess whether a specific microbiome profile could influence praziquantel response.
Methods
Using V3 and V4 regions of
16S
rRNA genes, we screened the gut microbiota of 34
Schistosoma mansoni
infected and uninfected children from Côte d’Ivoire. From each infected child one pre-treatment, one 24-hour and one 21-day follow-up sample after administering 60 mg/kg praziquantel or placebo, were collected.
Results
Overall taxonomic profiling and diversity indicators were found to be close to a “healthy” gut structure in all children. Slight overall compositional changes were observed between
S. mansoni
-infected and non-infected children. Praziquantel treatment was not linked to a major shift in the gut taxonomic profiles, thus reinforcing the good safety profile of the drug by ruling out off-targets effects on the gut microbes.
16S
rRNA gene of the
Fusobacteriales
order was significantly more abundant in cured individuals, both at baseline and 24 hours post-treatment. A real-time qPCR confirmed the over-abundance of
Fusobacterium
spp. in cured children.
Fusobacterium
spp. abundance could also be correlated with treatment induced
S. mansoni
egg-reduction.
Conclusions
Our study suggests that neither a
S. mansoni
infection nor praziquantel administration triggers a significant effect on the microbial composition and that a higher abundance of
Fusobacterium
spp., before treatment, is associated with higher efficacy of praziquantel in the treatment of
S. mansoni
infections.
Trial registration
International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial, number
ISRCTN15280205
.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,BMC
Subject
/ Animals
/ Anthelmintics - administration & dosage
/ Anthelmintics - therapeutic use
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Child
/ children
/ eggs
/ Female
/ Fusobacterium - drug effects
/ Fusobacterium - isolation & purification
/ Gastrointestinal Microbiome - genetics
/ genes
/ Host-Parasite Interactions - drug effects
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Microbiome-parasite interaction
/ Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
/ placebos
/ Praziquantel - administration & dosage
/ Praziquantel - therapeutic use
/ RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
/ Schistosoma mansoni - drug effects
/ Schistosoma mansoni - genetics
/ Schistosomiasis mansoni - drug therapy
/ Schistosomiasis mansoni - epidemiology
/ Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
/ Virology
