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The central dusty torus in the active nucleus of NGC 1068

by Malbet, F. , Leinert, Ch , Granato, G.-L. , Glazenborg-Kluttig, A. , Weigelt, G. , de Zeeuw, P. T. , Chesneau, O. , Paresce, F. , Pel, J.-W. , Schoeller, M. , Waters, L. B. F. M. , Fraix-Burnet, D. , Heijligers, B. , Miley, G. K. , Röttgering, H. J. A. , Richichi, A. , Woillez, J. , Köhler, R. , Perrin, G. , Meisenheimer, K. , Graser, U. , Jaffe, W. , Przygodda, F. , Sol, H.

in Active and peculiar galaxies (including bl lacertae objects, blazars, seyfert galaxies, markarian galaxies, active galactic nuclei) / Astronomy / Astrophysics / Black holes / Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics / Dark matter / Dust clouds / Earth, ocean, space / Exact sciences and technology / Humanities and Social Sciences / Kinetic energy / letter / multidisciplinary / Physics / Quasars. Active or peculiar galaxies, objects, and systems / Science / Science (multidisciplinary) / Stars & galaxies / Stellar systems. Galactic and extragalactic objects and systems. The universe

2004

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The central dusty torus in the active nucleus of NGC 1068

2004

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2004

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Journal Article

The central dusty torus in the active nucleus of NGC 1068

Malbet, F.,

Leinert, Ch,

Granato, G.-L.,

Glazenborg-Kluttig, A.,

Weigelt, G.,

de Zeeuw, P. T.,

Chesneau, O.,

Paresce, F.,

Pel, J.-W.,

Schoeller, M.,

Waters, L. B. F. M.,

Fraix-Burnet, D.,

Heijligers, B.,

Miley, G. K.,

Röttgering, H. J. A.,

Richichi, A.,

Woillez, J.,

Köhler, R.,

Perrin, G.,

Meisenheimer, K.,

Graser, U.,

Jaffe, W.,

Przygodda, F.,

Sol, H.

2004

Overview

Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) display many energetic phenomena—broad emission lines, X-rays, relativistic jets, radio lobes—originating from matter falling onto a supermassive black hole. It is widely accepted that orientation effects play a major role in explaining the observational appearance of AGNs. Seen from certain directions, circum-nuclear dust clouds would block our view of the central powerhouse 1 , 2 . Indirect evidence suggests that the dust clouds form a parsec-sized torus-shaped distribution. This explanation, however, remains unproved, as even the largest telescopes have not been able to resolve the dust structures. Here we report interferometric mid-infrared observations that spatially resolve these structures in the galaxy NGC 1068. The observations reveal warm (320 K) dust in a structure 2.1 parsec thick and 3.4 parsec in diameter, surrounding a smaller hot structure. As such a configuration of dust clouds would collapse in a time much shorter than the active phase of the AGN 3 , this observation requires a continual input of kinetic energy to the cloud system from a source coexistent with the AGN.

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Publisher

Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing,Nature Publishing Group

Subject

Active and peculiar galaxies (including bl lacertae objects, blazars, seyfert galaxies, markarian galaxies, active galactic nuclei)

/ Astronomy

/ Astrophysics

/ Black holes

/ Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics

/ Dark matter

/ Dust clouds