Journal Article

Regulation of Cadmium-Induced Proteomic and Metabolic Changes by 5-Aminolevulinic Acid in Leaves of Brassica napus L

Gill, Muhammad B., Farooq, Muhammad A., Daud, Muhammad K., Ali, Shafaqat, Ali, Basharat, Gill, Rafaqat A., Zhou, Weijun, Yang, Su, Liu, Dan

2015

Overview

It is evident from previous reports that 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), like other known plant growth regulators, is effective in countering the injurious effects of heavy metal-stress in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The present study was carried out to explore the capability of ALA to improve cadmium (Cd2+) tolerance in B. napus through physiological, molecular, and proteomic analytical approaches. Results showed that application of ALA helped the plants to adjust Cd2+-induced metabolic and photosynthetic fluorescence changes in the leaves of B. napus under Cd2+ stress. The data revealed that ALA treatment enhanced the gene expressions of antioxidant enzyme activities substantially and could increase the expression to a certain degree under Cd2+ stress conditions. In the present study, 34 protein spots were identified that differentially regulated due to Cd2+ and/or ALA treatments. Among them, 18 proteins were significantly regulated by ALA, including the proteins associated with stress related, carbohydrate metabolism, catalysis, dehydration of damaged protein, CO2 assimilation/photosynthesis and protein synthesis/regulation. From these 18 ALA-regulated proteins, 12 proteins were significantly down-regulated and 6 proteins were up-regulated. Interestingly, it was observed that ALA-induced the up-regulation of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, light harvesting complex photo-system II subunit 6 and 30S ribosomal proteins in the presence of Cd2+ stress. In addition, it was also observed that ALA-induced the down-regulation in thioredoxin-like protein, 2, 3-bisphosphoglycerate, proteasome and thiamine thiazole synthase proteins under Cd2+ stress. Taken together, the present study sheds light on molecular mechanisms involved in ALA-induced Cd2+ tolerance in B. napus leaves and suggests a more active involvement of ALA in plant physiological processes than previously proposed.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Acids / Aminolevulinic acid / Aminolevulinic Acid - pharmacology / Antioxidants / Antioxidants - metabolism / Brassica / Brassica napus / Brassica napus - drug effects / Brassica napus - genetics / Brassica napus - metabolism / Cadmium / Cadmium - metabolism / Carbohydrate metabolism / Carbohydrates / Carbon dioxide / Catalysis / Chemical synthesis / Data processing / Dehydration / Enzymatic activity / Enzymes / Fluorescence / Gene expression / Growth regulators / Heavy metals / Leaves / Metabolism / Molecular modelling / Oxidation-Reduction / Photosynthesis / Physiological aspects / Physiology / Plant growth / Plant hormones / Plant Leaves - drug effects / Plant Leaves - genetics / Plant Leaves - metabolism / Proteasomes / Protein biosynthesis / Protein synthesis / Protein turnover / Proteins / Proteome / Proteomics - methods / Rapeseed / Ribosomal proteins / Spots / Stress / Stress, Physiological / Stresses / Thiamine / Thioredoxin / Transcription, Genetic