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The Root Extract of the Medicinal Plant Pelargonium sidoides Is a Potent HIV-1 Attachment Inhibitor
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The Root Extract of the Medicinal Plant Pelargonium sidoides Is a Potent HIV-1 Attachment Inhibitor
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Journal Article
The Root Extract of the Medicinal Plant Pelargonium sidoides Is a Potent HIV-1 Attachment Inhibitor
2014
Overview
Global HIV-1 treatment would benefit greatly from safe herbal medicines with scientifically validated novel anti-HIV-1 activities. The root extract from the medicinal plant Pelargonium sidoides (PS) is licensed in Germany as the herbal medicine EPs®7630, with numerous clinical trials supporting its safety in humans. Here we provide evidence from multiple cell culture experiments that PS extract displays potent anti-HIV-1 activity. We show that PS extract protects peripheral blood mononuclear cells and macrophages from infection with various X4 and R5 tropic HIV-1 strains, including clinical isolates. Functional studies revealed that the extract from PS has a novel mode-of-action. It interferes directly with viral infectivity and blocks the attachment of HIV-1 particles to target cells, protecting them from virus entry. Analysis of the chemical footprint of anti-HIV activity indicates that HIV-1 inhibition is mediated by multiple polyphenolic compounds with low cytotoxicity and can be separated from other extract components with higher cytotoxicity. Based on our data and its excellent safety profile, we propose that PS extract represents a lead candidate for the development of a scientifically validated herbal medicine for anti-HIV-1 therapy with a mode-of-action different from and complementary to current single-molecule drugs.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
/ AIDS
/ Analysis
/ Anti-HIV Agents - isolation & purification
/ Anti-HIV Agents - pharmacology
/ Biology
/ Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
/ Drugs
/ HIV
/ HIV Infections - drug therapy
/ Human immunodeficiency virus
/ Humans
/ Medicine
/ Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
/ Plant Extracts - isolation & purification
/ Plant Extracts - pharmacology
/ Plants, Medicinal - chemistry
/ Polyphenols - isolation & purification
/ Safety
/ Toxicity
/ Virus Attachment - drug effects
/ Viruses
