Journal Article

Subcutaneous and Segmental Fat Loss with and without Supportive Supplements in Conjunction with a Low-Calorie High Protein Diet in Healthy Women

Vogel, Roxanne M., Mosman, Matt M., McCann, Tyler R., Griffin, J. Daniel, Tai, Chih Yin, Carson, Laura R., Moon, Jordan R., Joy, Jordan M., Crona, Kevin P., Falcone, Paul H., Kim, Michael P.

2015

Overview

Weight loss benefits of multi-ingredient supplements in conjunction with a low-calorie, high-protein diet in young women are unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a three-week low-calorie diet with and without supplementation on body composition. Thirty-seven recreationally-trained women (n = 37; age = 27.1 ± 4.2; height = 165.1 ± 6.4; weight = 68.5 ± 10.1; BMI = 25.1 ± 3.4) completed one of the following three-week interventions: no change in diet (CON); a high-protein, low-calorie diet supplemented with a thermogenic, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a protein gel, and a multi-vitamin (SUP); or the high-protein diet with isocaloric placebo supplements (PLA). Before and after the three-week intervention, body weight, %Fat via dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), segmental fat mass via DXA, %Fat via skinfolds, and skinfold thicknesses at seven sites were measured. SUP and PLA significantly decreased body weight (SUP: PRE, 70.47 ± 8.01 kg to POST, 67.51 ± 8.10 kg; PLA: PRE, 67.88 ± 12.28 kg vs. POST, 66.38 ± 11.94 kg; p ≤ 0.05) with a greater (p ≤ 0.05) decrease in SUP than PLA or CON. SUP and PLA significantly decreased %Fat according to DXA (SUP: PRE, 34.98 ± 7.05% to POST, 32.99 ± 6.89%; PLA: PRE, 34.22 ± 6.36% vs. POST, 32.69 ± 5.84%; p ≤ 0.05), whereas only SUP significantly decreased %Fat according to skinfolds (SUP: PRE, 27.40 ± 4.09% to POST, 24.08 ± 4.31%; p ≤ 0.05). SUP significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased thicknesses at five skinfolds (chest, waist, hip, subscapular, and tricep) compared to PLA, but not at two skinfolds (axilla and thigh). The addition of a thermogenic, CLA, protein, and a multi-vitamin to a three-week low-calorie diet improved weight loss, total fat loss and subcutaneous fat loss, compared to diet alone.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Absorptiometry / Absorptiometry, Photon / Adult / Behavior modification / Body composition / Body composition (biology) / Body Composition - drug effects / Body fat / Body mass / Body Mass Index / Body weight / Body weight loss / Caffeine / Caloric Restriction - methods / Diet / Diet, Reducing - methods / Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage / Dietary supplements / Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry / Energy Intake - physiology / Exercise / Female / High protein diet / Hip / Humans / Intervention / Laboratories / Linoleic acid / Linoleic Acids, Conjugated - administration & dosage / Nutrition research / Obesity / Physical fitness / Proteins / Skinfold Thickness / Sport science / Studies / Subcutaneous Fat - drug effects / Thigh / Unsaturated fatty acids / Urine / Vitamins - administration & dosage / Weight control / Weight loss / Weight Loss - drug effects / Women's health / Working women