Journal Article

ENOblock Does Not Inhibit the Activity of the Glycolytic Enzyme Enolase

Raghavan, Sudhir, Satani, Nikunj, Hammoudi, Naima, Georgiou, Dimitra K., Muller, Florian L., Lin, Yu-Hsi

2016

Overview

Inhibition of glycolysis is of great potential for the treatment of cancer. However, inhibitors of glycolytic enzymes with favorable pharmacological profiles have not been forthcoming. Due to the nature of their active sites, most high-affinity transition-state analogue inhibitors of glycolysis enzymes are highly polar with poor cell permeability. A recent publication reported a novel, non-active site inhibitor of the glycolytic enzyme Enolase, termed ENOblock (N-[2-[2-2-aminoethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl]4-4-cyclohexylmethyl)amino]6-4-fluorophenyl)methyl]amino]1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]benzeneacetamide). This would present a major advance, as this is heterocyclic and fully cell permeable molecule. Here, we present evidence that ENOblock does not inhibit Enolase enzymatic activity in vitro as measured by three different assays, including a novel 31P NMR based method which avoids complications associated with optical interferences in the UV range. Indeed, we note that due to strong UV absorbance, ENOblock interferes with the direct spectrophotometric detection of the product of Enolase, phosphoenolpyruvate. Unlike established Enolase inhibitors, ENOblock does not show selective toxicity to ENO1-deleted glioma cells in culture. While our data do not dispute the biological effects previously attributed to ENOblock, they indicate that such effects must be caused by mechanisms other than direct inhibition of Enolase enzymatic activity.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Antibiotics / Benzamides - pharmacology / Biochemistry / Biological effects / Biology and Life Sciences / Cancer / Care and treatment / Cell culture / Cell cycle / Cell Line, Tumor / Cell permeability / Complications / Crystallography / Dehydrogenases / Enzymatic activity / Enzymes / Glioma / Glioma cells / Gliomas / Glycolysis / Glycolytic enzymes / Humans / Inhibition / Inhibitors / Kinases / Medicine and Health Sciences / NMR / Nuclear magnetic resonance / Permeability / Pharmacology / Phosphopyruvate hydratase / Phosphopyruvate Hydratase - antagonists & inhibitors / Phosphopyruvate Hydratase - metabolism / Physical Sciences / Research and Analysis Methods / Spectrophotometry / Toxicity / Triazines - pharmacology / Trypanosoma brucei / Tumors