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Probiotic supplementation restores normal microbiota composition and function in antibiotic-treated and in caesarean-born infants
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Probiotic supplementation restores normal microbiota composition and function in antibiotic-treated and in caesarean-born infants
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Journal Article
Probiotic supplementation restores normal microbiota composition and function in antibiotic-treated and in caesarean-born infants
2018
Overview
Background
Infants born by caesarean section or receiving antibiotics are at increased risk of developing metabolic, inflammatory and immunological diseases, potentially due to disruption of normal gut microbiota at a critical developmental time window. We investigated whether probiotic supplementation could ameliorate the effects of antibiotic use or caesarean birth on infant microbiota in a double blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Mothers were given a multispecies probiotic, consisting of
Bifidobacterium breve
Bb99 (Bp99 2 × 10
8
cfu)
Propionibacterium freundenreichii
subsp.
shermanii
JS (2 × 10
9
cfu),
Lactobacillus rhamnosus
Lc705 (5 × 10
9
cfu) and
Lactobacillus rhamnosus
GG (5 × 10
9
cfu) (
N
= 168 breastfed and 31 formula-fed), or placebo supplement (
N
= 201 breastfed and 22 formula-fed) during pregnancy, and the infants were given the same supplement. Faecal samples of the infants were collected at 3 months and analyzed using taxonomic, metagenomic and metaproteomic approaches.
Results
The probiotic supplement had a strong overall impact on the microbiota composition, but the effect depended on the infant’s diet. Only breastfed infants showed the expected increase in bifidobacteria and reduction in
Proteobacteria
and
Clostridia
. In the placebo group, both birth mode and antibiotic use were significantly associated with altered microbiota composition and function, particularly reduced
Bifidobacterium
abundance. In the probiotic group, the effects of antibiotics and birth mode were either completely eliminated or reduced.
Conclusions
The results indicate that it is possible to correct undesired changes in microbiota composition and function caused by antibiotic treatments or caesarean birth by supplementing infants with a probiotic mixture together with at least partial breastfeeding.
Trial registration
clinicaltrials.gov
NCT00298337
. Registered March 2, 2006.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage
/ Babies
/ Bifidobacterium - classification
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Birth
/ Clostridium - isolation & purification
/ Disease
/ Female
/ Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects
/ Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology
/ Humans
/ Infant
/ Infants
/ Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus - classification
/ Male
/ Microbial Genetics and Genomics
/ Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
/ Probiotics - administration & dosage
/ Propionibacterium - classification
/ Proteobacteria - isolation & purification
/ Taxonomy
/ Virology
