Journal Article

The dietary intake of chronic kidney disease according to stages: Findings from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey

Ryu, Dong-Ryeol, Kim, Min-ho, Kim, Seon-Mi, Oh, Hyung Jung

2021

Overview

Appropriate dietary adjustment in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is important, and nutritional guidelines recommend different dietary management depending on the CKD stage. However, there is no study, to our knowledge, of the characteristics of dietary intake according to CKD stages. We tried to assess the comparison of nutritional intake according to CKD stages. A cross-sectional study was conducted to reveal the characteristics of dietary intake among patients with CKD based on the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey between 2011 and 2014. Of 16,878 participants, we classified non-CKD (n = 14,952) and CKD (n = 1,926), which was stratified into five groups (I, II, IIIa, IIIb, and IV–V). We investigated the characteristics of dietary intake, such as energy, water, protein, fat, carbohydrate, sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus, according to stage of CKD. We also explored nutritional intake according to CKD stage among patients with early CKD (stage I and II) and advanced CKD (stage IIIa, IIIb, and IV–V). Intake of majority of nutrients and energy tended to be decreased as CKD progressed. In early CKD stage, intake of energy, water, protein, fat, carbohydrate, potassium, calcium and phosphorus seemed to be statistically significant decreased as CKD progressed. In advanced CKD stage, intake of potassium and calcium seemed to be decreased as CKD progressed, but the intake of energy was about to be lower limit. Appropriate dietary education and CKD recognition are needed to improve nutritional intake depending on the CKD stage.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Aged / Aged, 80 and over / Biology and Life Sciences / Blood pressure / Body mass index / Calcium / Calcium, Dietary - analysis / Carbohydrates / Chronic illnesses / Chronic kidney failure / Creatinine / Cross-Sectional Studies / Development and progression / Diet / Diet therapy / Dietary Carbohydrates - analysis / Dietary intake / Dietary Proteins - analysis / Dietitians / Disease Progression / Drinking / Eating / Education / Energy / Energy Intake / Female / Food intake / Health aspects / Hospitals / Humans / Hypertension / Internal medicine / Kidney diseases / Kidneys / Kim, Min / Laboratories / Male / Medicine / Medicine and Health Sciences / Middle Aged / Mortality / Normal distribution / Nutrients / Nutrition research / Nutrition Surveys / People and Places / Phosphorus / Physical Sciences / Polls & surveys / Potassium / Proteins / Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - diagnosis / Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - epidemiology / Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - physiopathology / Republic of Korea - epidemiology / Sodium / Statistical analysis / Surveys / Trends