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Straw reuse improves some soil properties under river-sea mixed irrigation in a coastal estuary system
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Straw reuse improves some soil properties under river-sea mixed irrigation in a coastal estuary system
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Journal Article
Straw reuse improves some soil properties under river-sea mixed irrigation in a coastal estuary system
2026
Overview
This study explored the effects and the associated processes of straw returning on soil organic carbon (SOC) and salinity in the Yalu River estuary region under river-sea mixed irrigation conditions. To do so, a field experiment was conducted via six different rates of rice straw returning: 0 kg/hm2 (CK), 2000 kg/hm2 (RF1), 4000 kg/hm2 (RF2), 6000 kg/hm2 (RF3), 8000 kg/hm2 (RF4), and 10000 kg/hm2 (RF5). The one-season experiment used rice cultivar Danjing 18. Soil samples (0–20 cm) were collected before sowing and after harvest on September 30, 2025. Overall, the results suggested that SOC and soil total nitrogen (TN) contents increased with increasing straw application rate. In particular, compared with the CK, RF5 significantly increased SOC by 13.5% (P < 0.05), while 8.3% increase in TN did not differ significantly from CK. Likewise, significant increases in soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) were observed with higher straw application rates (P < 0.05). In accordance, RF5 increased soil CEC by 19.4%, relative to the CK (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, significant increases in ion content occurred in straw-amended soils compared with the CK, with greater increases at the higher straw application rates (P< 0.05). For instance, compared with the CK, straw returning significantly increased K+ (up to +83% in RF3), Ca2+ (up to +> 110% in RF4), and Mg2+ (up to +>100% in RF3) (P < 0.05). Significant positive correlations between SOC and TN, CEC, Ca2+, and major anions (P < 0.01) indicated that straw returning enhanced SOC accumulation by affecting salinity-related soil ion composition. Further, significant positive correlations between TN with HCO3- and Cl- contents (P < 0.01), as well as with CEC and Ca2+ contents (P < 0.05), suggested a close association between N dynamics and salinity-related ions. Overall, these results suggest that in situ rice straw returning enhances SOC and TN accumulation and helps regulate salinity-related ions in the Yalu River estuary, providing practical guidance for sustainable coastal paddy management.
