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Electromyographic analysis of core muscle activity during variations of abdominal exercises
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Electromyographic analysis of core muscle activity during variations of abdominal exercises
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Journal Article
Electromyographic analysis of core muscle activity during variations of abdominal exercises
2025
Overview
Problem Statement: Core stability is crucial for athletic performance and injury prevention. However, a comprehensive understanding of the specific activation patterns of core muscles during various abdominal exercises is lacking. This study aims to elucidate these activation patterns, focusing on the rectus abdominis, internal obliques, external obliques, and erector spinae. Purpose: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the activation patterns of core muscles during abdominal exercises and to identify any asymmetries in muscle engagement that could inform exercise prescription and rehabilitation strategies. Approach: This study involved a detailed analysis of muscle activation using electromyographic (EMG) technology within a sample group of ten jumpers from Mangalore University's Department of Physical Education, each with a training history of around 7.0 ± 3.5 years. The primary objective was to evaluate the electromyographic activity of core muscles during various abdominal exercises, which included sit-ups, back extensions, and planks. Materials and Methods: EMG electrodes were strategically placed on the rectus abdominis, internal obliques, external obliques, and erector spinae. Participants underwent a series of exercises while their muscle activity was recorded, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of muscle engagement during each exercise. Results: The findings revealed that the rectus abdominis consistently exhibited dominant activation across all exercises, accounting for a significant proportion of overall muscle engagement. During planks, the rectus abdominis, external obliques, and internal obliques collectively contributed to over 87% of muscle activation. Notably, asymmetries were observed in muscle activation between the right and left sides of the rectus abdominis and internal obliques, potentially linked to individual differences in muscle recruitment patterns or handedness. Conclusions: These results underscore the importance of balanced muscle activation for effective core stability and highlight the need for personalized training approaches to address individual muscular imbalances. The insights gained from this research can inform the development of tailored core-strengthening programs and rehabilitation strategies, ultimately enhancing performance and preventing injuries in both athletic and general populations. This study advances understanding of core muscle dynamics and sets the stage for future research on muscle activation patterns in diverse populations.
