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The Changing Structure of Energy Supply, Demand, and CO2Emissions in China
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Journal Article
The Changing Structure of Energy Supply, Demand, and CO2Emissions in China
2011
Overview
Because of its enormous population, rapid economic growth, and heavy reliance on coal, China passed the United States as the world's largest source of CO 2 emissions in 2006. China is also becoming a major factor in the global oil market. This article analyzes China's energy production and consumption, with a focus on the energy and CO 2 emissions per capita and per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) and the mix of energy sources and end uses. Energy flow diagrams for 1987 and 2007 make it possible to visualize the allocation of energy from sources through energy transformation to final uses in units of metric tons of coal equivalent. Declining coal use by residences, agriculture, and transportation has been more than offset by a massive increase in electricity and industry usage. The article places these changes in political—economic context and helps illustrate and explain the difficulties China faces in trying to reduce its absolute CO 2 emissions and why it instead proposes to reduce its CO 2 per unit of GDP. 由于其人口众多，快速的经济增长，和对煤炭的严重依赖，中国在2006年超过美国成为世界上最大的二氧化碳排放源。中国也正成为一个全球石油市场的主要因素。本文分析了中国的能源生产和消费，着重于人均和单位国内生产总值（GDP）的能源和二氧化碳排放量，以及能源的来源和最终用途的混合。1987和2007年的能流图使通过能最转换到最终用途的，以吨标煤为单位的能源配置可视化成为可能。住宅，农业，和运输煤炭下降的使用己被在电力和工业界巨型的增量使用过度抵消了。文章把这些变化放置于政治和经济的背景，并有助于说明和解释中国在试图减少其绝对二氧化碳排放量面临的困难，和为什么它建议减少其单位GDP的，而不是绝对的二氧化碳排放量。 Debido a su enorme población, rápido crecimiento económico y alta dependencia en carbón mineral, China sobrepasó a Estados Unidos en 2006 como la fuente más grande de emisiones de CO 2 . China también se está convirtiendo en un factor mayor del mercado global del petróleo. Este artículo analiza la producción y consumo de energía en China, enfocando el tema de la energía y las emisiones de CO 2 per cápita y por unidad del producto nacional bruto (PNB) y la mezcla de fuentes de energía y usos finales. Los diagramas de flujos de energía para 1987 y 2007 hacen posible visualizar la asignación de energía desde las fuentes, a la transformación de la energía, hasta los usos finales en unidades equivalentes a toneladas métricas de carbón. La disminución del uso de carbón en residencias, agricultura y transporte ha sido poco menos que opacado por un incremento masivo en su uso para electricidad e industria. El artículo coloca estos cambios en contexto político—económico y ayuda a ilustrar y explicar las dificultades que enfrenta China al tratar de reducir sus emisiones de CO 2 en términos absolutos y por qué en su defecto propone reducir su CO 2 por unidad de PNB.
Publisher
Taylor & Francis Group
