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Presence of Serum Antibodies to Influenza A Subtypes H5 and Nl in Swans and Ibises in French Wetlands, Irrespective of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Natural Infection
by
Jestin, Véronique
, Hars, Jean
, Schmitz, Audrey
, Guionie, Olivier
, Niqueux, Eric
in
Antibodies
/ Antigens
/ H5N1 subtype influenza A virus
/ Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 in Wild Birds
/ Infections
/ Influenza A virus
/ Seroepidemiologic studies
/ Swans
/ Viruses
/ Wetlands
/ Wild birds
2010
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Presence of Serum Antibodies to Influenza A Subtypes H5 and Nl in Swans and Ibises in French Wetlands, Irrespective of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Natural Infection
by
Jestin, Véronique
, Hars, Jean
, Schmitz, Audrey
, Guionie, Olivier
, Niqueux, Eric
in
Antibodies
/ Antigens
/ H5N1 subtype influenza A virus
/ Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 in Wild Birds
/ Infections
/ Influenza A virus
/ Seroepidemiologic studies
/ Swans
/ Viruses
/ Wetlands
/ Wild birds
2010
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Presence of Serum Antibodies to Influenza A Subtypes H5 and Nl in Swans and Ibises in French Wetlands, Irrespective of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Natural Infection
by
Jestin, Véronique
, Hars, Jean
, Schmitz, Audrey
, Guionie, Olivier
, Niqueux, Eric
in
Antibodies
/ Antigens
/ H5N1 subtype influenza A virus
/ Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 in Wild Birds
/ Infections
/ Influenza A virus
/ Seroepidemiologic studies
/ Swans
/ Viruses
/ Wetlands
/ Wild birds
2010
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Presence of Serum Antibodies to Influenza A Subtypes H5 and Nl in Swans and Ibises in French Wetlands, Irrespective of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Natural Infection
Journal Article
Presence of Serum Antibodies to Influenza A Subtypes H5 and Nl in Swans and Ibises in French Wetlands, Irrespective of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Natural Infection
2010
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Overview
Highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza A viruses (AIVs) subtype H5N1 (subclade 2.2) were detected in wild birds during outbreaks in France during winter 2006 and summer 2007 in la Dombes wetlands (eastern France) and in Moselle wetlands (northeastern France), respectively. Blood samples from apparently healthy wild birds were collected in 2006 and 2007 from the end of the outbreak to several weeks after the influenza A outbreak inside and outside the contaminated areas, and in 2008 outside the contaminated areas. The samples were tested for the presence and/or quantitation of serum antibodies to influenza A subtypes H5 and Nl using hemagglutination inhibition tests (HITs), a commercial N1-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, and virus neutralization assay. In the HIT, low pathogenicity (LP) and HP H5 AIVs (belonging to H5N1, H5N2, and H5N3 subtypes) were used as antigens. One hundred mute swans were bled in the la Dombes outbreak area in 2006. During 2007, 46 mallards, 69 common pochards, and 59 mute swans were sampled in the Moselle outbreak area. For comparison, blood samples were also collected in 2007 from 60 mute swans from the Marne department where no HP H5N1 influenza A cases have been reported, and in 2008 from 111 sacred ibises in western France where no HP H5N1 influenza A infections in wild birds have been reported either. Mute swans (irrespective of their origin and time of sampling) and sacred ibises (from an area with no known outbreaks) had the highest prevalence of positive sera in the H5 HIT (49-69% and 64%, respectively). The prevalence of anti-H5 antibodies in mallards and common pochards was lower (28% and 27%, respectively). Positive H5-and Í1-antibody responses were also significantly associated in swans (irrespective of their origin and time of sampling) and in sacred ibises. However, in swans from the area without outbreaks, the HIT titer against an H5N1 LPAIV was significantly higher than against an H5N1 2.2.1 HPAIV, whereas no difference could be shown for swans from the outbreak areas sampled in 2006 and 2007. These results suggest that ibises and swans from areas without declared outbreaks had acquired humoral immunity after AIV infections with subtypes H5 and N1 but independently from HP H5N1 infection. However, for swans living in outbreak areas, it cannot be excluded that this immunity might result from either a subclinical or a nonlethal infection by HP H5N1. Se detectaron virus de la influenza aviar de alta patogenicidad subtipo H5N1 (subclado 2.2) en aves silvestres durante los brotes en Francia en el invierno del año 2006 y en el verano del 2007 en los humedales de la región de La Dombes (al este de Francia) y en los humedales de la región de Moselle (al noreste de Francia), respectivamente. Muestras de sangre de aves silvestres aparentemente sanas, se recolectaron en los años 2006 y 2007 desde el final del brote a hasta varias semanas después en zonas dentro y fuera de las áreas contaminadas y en el año 2008 se recolectaron fuera de las zonas contaminadas. Las muestras fueron analizadas para determinar la presencia y cuantificación de anticuerpos séricos contra la influenza A subtipos H5 y Nl mediante pruebas de inhibición de la hemaglutinación, mediante un ensayo comercial de inmunoabsorción con enzimas ligadas específico para N1 y por la prueba de neutralización viral. Se utilizaron virus de baja y alta patogenicidad H5 (pertenecientes a los subtipos H5N1, H5N2 y H5N3) como antígenos en la prueba de inhibición de la hemaglutinación. Se sangraron cien cisnes durante la epidemia ocurrida en La Dombes en el 2006. Durante el 2007, se muestrearon 46 patos de collar, 69 porrones europeos y 59 cisnes en el área del brote del Moselle. Para efectos de comparación también se recolectaron muestras de sangre en el año 2007 a partir de 60 cisnes en el departamento de Marne donde no se habían reportado casos de influenza A subtipo H5N1 de alta patogenicidad y en el año 2008 se recolectaron muestras a partir de 111 ibis sagrados en el oeste de Francia, donde tampoco se han reportado infecciones en aves silvestres por influenza A subtipo H5N1 de alta patogenicidad. Los cisnes comunes (sin importar su origen y de la fecha de muestreo) y los ibis sagrados (de un área donde no había brotes reconocidos) tenían la mayor prevalência de sueros positivos por la prueba de inhibición de la hemaglutinación contra H5 (49-69% y 64%, respectivamente). La prevalência de anticuerpos contra H5 en patos de collar y en porrones europeos fue menor (28% y 27%, respectivamente). Las respuestas de anticuerpos positivas para H5 y Nl estuvieron también asociadas de forma significativa con cisnes (sin importar su origen y de la fecha de muestreo) y con ibis sagrados. Sin embargo, en los cisnes de la zona sin brotes, el título por inhibición de la hemaglutinación contra un virus de baja patogenicidad H5N1 fue significativamente mayor en comparación que la específica contra un virus de alta patogenicidad H5N1 2.2.1, mientras que no se pudo demostrar diferencia en los cisnes de las zonas con brotes muestreadas en los años 2006 y 2007. Estos resultados sugieren que los ibis y los cisnes de las zonas sin brotes declarados han adquirido inmunidad humoral después de la infección por el virus de la influenza aviar subtipos H5 y NI, pero de manera independiente de la infección por virus de alta patogenicidad H5N1. Sin embargo, para los cisnes que viven en las zonas de brote, no se puede excluir que esta inmunidad podría dar lugar a una infección subclínica o a una infección no letal por virus de alta patogenicidad H5N1.
Publisher
American Association of Avian Pathologists
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