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INDIAN ASTRONOMICAL EPOCH: 310 CE 18 FEBRUARY IMPLICATIONS OF ĀRYABHAṬA'S WORKS TO INDIAN CHRONOLOGY
INDIAN ASTRONOMICAL EPOCH: 310 CE 18 FEBRUARY IMPLICATIONS OF ĀRYABHAṬA'S WORKS TO INDIAN CHRONOLOGY
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INDIAN ASTRONOMICAL EPOCH: 310 CE 18 FEBRUARY IMPLICATIONS OF ĀRYABHAṬA'S WORKS TO INDIAN CHRONOLOGY
INDIAN ASTRONOMICAL EPOCH: 310 CE 18 FEBRUARY IMPLICATIONS OF ĀRYABHAṬA'S WORKS TO INDIAN CHRONOLOGY

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INDIAN ASTRONOMICAL EPOCH: 310 CE 18 FEBRUARY IMPLICATIONS OF ĀRYABHAṬA'S WORKS TO INDIAN CHRONOLOGY
INDIAN ASTRONOMICAL EPOCH: 310 CE 18 FEBRUARY IMPLICATIONS OF ĀRYABHAṬA'S WORKS TO INDIAN CHRONOLOGY
Journal Article

INDIAN ASTRONOMICAL EPOCH: 310 CE 18 FEBRUARY IMPLICATIONS OF ĀRYABHAṬA'S WORKS TO INDIAN CHRONOLOGY

2009
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Overview
Present paper is an attempt to discuss the implications of the correct reading of the Gītikā 5 of Āryabhaṭīyam on Indian Chronology. Prevailing reading 'Bhāratāt pūrvam' and interpretation links the Yugādi -3101 CE epoch of Āryabhaṭīyam with the Mahābhārata War even though the epic itself offered contradicting references. Innumerable efforts have taken place in the past to date the Mahābhārata War around -3101 CE based on Epic astronomical references with no success. Paper explains the anomalous situation by rendering the correct reading for Gṭtikā 5 as 'Bharatāt pūrvam' -interpreting the verse as referring to the Bharata, universal emperor of the Jain myths whose reign corresponded to the beginning of Apasarpini Kaliyuga as per the Jain tradition. Similar is the situation in the case of the Aihole inscription which followed the 'Bharatāt pūrvam' and interpretation links the Yugādi -310ICE epoch of Āryabhaṭa and Jain reckoning of Kaliyuga. Prevalence of Kalidina reckoning in Kerala before the time of Āryabhaṭa is given illustration with many examples of chronograms or dates in alpha-numeric notation known through legends. Astronomical rationale underlying the chronogram 'Bhūmaubhūpoyam prāpya' is explained and CE215 is shown to be the anchor point of Kerala tradition and the Mahā-Maghā congregation. Impact of Mahā-Maghā of Kali 3601 on the Āryārdharātra epoch of Kali 3600 or 21 March CE 499 is explained bringing to light the close quarters that Āryabhaṭa had with Cera capital of Toṇḍi (modern Ponnāni) and Tirunāvāya, the place of Mahā-Maghā congregation. Discussion is made of the beginning of Kollam Era against the backdrop of the astronomical tradition of Kerala. Calendar reckoning in Kerala and the New Year at the earliest epoch of 215CE is shown to have been based on the zenith transit of Sun at the latitude 10°N 51' of Tirunnvāya, the venue of the Mahāmaghā congregation. Āryabhaṭa epoch of 499 CE, Haridatta epoch of 684CE and Kollam Era epoch are shown to be based on the same astronomical rationale and observation at 10N51. Sidereal epoch of Kollam Era 25 Aug 825CE is shown to have considered the zenith transit of Sun at 10°N, marked by the Tṛkkākkara temple.
Publisher
Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute