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Trends in the number of breeding bird species in Ireland during 1801–2020
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Trends in the number of breeding bird species in Ireland during 1801–2020
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Trends in the number of breeding bird species in Ireland during 1801–2020
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Journal Article
Trends in the number of breeding bird species in Ireland during 1801–2020
2024
Overview
A total of 168 species (on present knowledge) are known to have ever bred in Ireland in a natural and wild state; 165 of these breeding at least once during 1801-2020. There has been an overall increase of 29 % in the number of species breeding during 1801-2020. A total of 111 species bred in all six time-periods studied, with fewer (peak of 16) breeding in the remaining five time-periods. There was considerable turnover in breeding species, but the number of species becoming extinct was exceeded by the number of new breeding species. The loss of the White-tailed Eagle, Golden Eagle, Marsh Harrier, Great Bittern and Woodlark were the most significant events in the 1800s and early 1900s, but Shoveler, Tufted Duck, Common Eider, Common Scoter, Fulmar and Stock Dove were among the new colonists. Several species have ceased to breed or declined to negligible numbers since 1951 (Nightjar, Ring Ouzel, Twite, Corn Bunting), but a long list of new colonists include Little Egret, Collared Dove, Great Spotted Woodpecker and Common Reed Warbler, while White-tailed Eagle, Golden Eagle and Red Kite have been re-introduced. Comparative data for the 40-year period 1968/1972-2007/2011 shows that waterbirds, wading birds and other non-passerines have the highest percentage of decreasing species, with lower percentages of decreasing species among raptors and owls, and passerines. Although the total number of breeding species is now at its highest level ever, the number of species in the rare or scarce category is also at its highest level, and more breeding species are in a poorer conservation and biodiversity status than at any other time-period during 1801-2020.
Publisher
Irish Naturalists' Journal Ltd, c/o National Museum of Ireland – Natural History
Subject
