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Autophagy of the m 6 A mRNA demethylase FTO is impaired by low-level arsenic exposure to promote tumorigenesis
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Autophagy of the m 6 A mRNA demethylase FTO is impaired by low-level arsenic exposure to promote tumorigenesis
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Journal Article
Autophagy of the m 6 A mRNA demethylase FTO is impaired by low-level arsenic exposure to promote tumorigenesis
2021
Overview
Here we show that FTO as an N
-methyladenosine (m
A) RNA demethylase is degraded by selective autophagy, which is impaired by low-level arsenic exposure to promote tumorigenesis. We found that in arsenic-associated human skin lesions, FTO is upregulated, while m
A RNA methylation is downregulated. In keratinocytes, chronic relevant low-level arsenic exposure upregulated FTO, downregulated m
A RNA methylation, and induced malignant transformation and tumorigenesis. FTO deletion inhibited arsenic-induced tumorigenesis. Moreover, in mice, epidermis-specific FTO deletion prevented skin tumorigenesis induced by arsenic and UVB irradiation. Targeting FTO genetically or pharmacologically inhibits the tumorigenicity of arsenic-transformed tumor cells. We identified NEDD4L as the m
A-modified gene target of FTO. Finally, arsenic stabilizes FTO protein through inhibiting p62-mediated selective autophagy. FTO upregulation can in turn inhibit autophagy, leading to a positive feedback loop to maintain FTO accumulation. Our study reveals FTO-mediated dysregulation of mRNA m
A methylation as an epitranscriptomic mechanism to promote arsenic tumorigenicity.
Subject
Adenosine - analogs & derivatives
/ Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO - genetics
/ Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO - metabolism
/ Animals
/ Carcinogenesis - drug effects
/ Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - drug effects
/ Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - pathology
/ Down-Regulation - drug effects
/ Humans
/ Keratinocytes - drug effects
/ Mice
/ Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases - metabolism
/ Protein Stability - drug effects
/ RNA Stability - drug effects
/ Sequestosome-1 Protein - metabolism
/ Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism
