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13
result(s) for
"辐射剂量"
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血清可溶性CD30在电离辐射剂量估算中的价值
2016
目的探讨血清可溶性CD 3 0(s CD 3 0)作为电离辐射剂量估算的生物指标的可行性。方法健康雄性C57BL/6小鼠300只,随机分为对照组及1、3、5、7Gy辐照组(n=60)。辐照组小鼠接受60Coγ射线一次性全身辐照,剂量率为0.78Gy/min。各组分别于辐照后24、48、72h留取血清样本(每组每时间点20只小鼠),采用定量抗体芯片检测s CD30浓度,并通过回归分析法分析血清s CD30浓度与辐照剂量的相关性。结果未辐照小鼠s CD30正常值范围为121.2±25.6pg/ml;辐照后24、48、72h,血清s CD30浓度随辐射剂量增大而降低。回归分析显示,血清s CD30浓度与辐照剂量具有明显的剂量-效应关系(R~2=0.9913),其回归方程为y=1.1489x~2-21.139x+121.44。结论小鼠血清s CD30表达基线稳定,其浓度变化与急性辐照剂量相关,可作为γ电离辐射剂量估算的生物指标。
Journal Article
双源CT大螺距前瞻性双次扫描模式在冠状动脉旁路移植术后随访中的应用
2018
目的探讨双源CT大螺距前瞻性心电门控双次扫描模式(Double Flash)在冠脉旁路移植(CABG)术后随访中的应用价值。方法纳入2012年4月-2014年12月在解放军总医院采用冠状动脉CT成像(CCTA)检查的CABG术后患者61例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为A组(Double Flash扫描模式,30例)和B组(回顾性心电门控螺旋扫描模式,31例)。由两位高年资医师以双盲法采用4分法(1分为优秀,4分为不能诊断)评价图像质量,分别记录计算两种扫描模式患者的容积CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)和有效辐射剂量(ED)。结果两组冠状动脉移植血管共有139根。其中A组移植血管69根,包括动脉桥25根,静脉桥44根;B组移植血管70根,包括动脉桥29根,静脉桥41根。A组的图像质量评分(1.22±0.57)与B组(1.21±0.61)比较差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。A组的ED和CTDIvol(分别为4.34±1.88m Sv和5.70±2.36m Gy)明显低于B组(分别为17.07±2.13m Sv和40.95±3.12m Gy),差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.001)。结论与普通回顾性心电门控螺旋扫描模式比较,双源CT Double Flash扫描模式可在保证图像质量的同时明显降低辐射剂量,可应用于CABG的术后随访。
Journal Article
应用基因芯片技术筛选与电离辐射剂量相关的血清细胞因子
2013
目的利用基因芯片技术初步筛选对电离辐射剂量敏感的血清细胞因子并分析其变化规律。方法健康雄性C57BL/6小鼠80只,随机分为对照组(n=20)和辐射组(n=60)。辐射组大鼠分别接受剂量为3、5、10Gy的^60Co一次性照射,每个剂量组20只。照射后6h经眼球取血,留存血清。采用基因芯片技术检测血清细胞因子基因的表达水平,筛选出有变化的细胞因子,分析其变化规律。结果共筛选96种细胞因子。当辐射剂量为3Gy时,有44种细胞因子表达发生变化,当辐射剂量为5Gy和10Gy时,分别有47种和66种细胞因子表达发生变化。进一步分析发现,有14种因子表达呈剂量-效应依赖,其中7种随剂量上升表达增加,7种随剂量上升表达下调。结论通过基因芯片技术筛选的辐射敏感的细胞因子,其随辐射剂量的变化存在一定规律,这种规律对估算电离辐射剂量有一定意义。
Journal Article
低剂量γ射线对人淋巴母细胞CCNG1基因表达的影响
2015
目的观察低剂量γ射线对人淋巴母细胞(AHH1)细胞周期蛋白G1(CCNG1)基因表达的影响,探讨CCNG1基因用作低剂量范围辐射生物剂量计的可能性。方法采用0、0.1、0.2、0.5、0.8、1.0Gyγ射线照射AHH-1,分别于照射后4、24、48、72、168h提取细胞总RNA,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测AHH-1中CCNG1基因的表达变化,分析该基因表达的时间及剂量效应关系。结果γ射线照射后AHH-1中CCNG1基因表达呈剂量依赖性上调,具有较好的剂量效应关系。时间效应曲线表明,CCNG1基因表达在照射后24h达峰值,之后开始下降,至168h恢复至照射前水平。结论CCNG1基因在低剂量范围(0~1.0Gy)具有较好的剂量效应和时间效应关系,是一种潜在的低剂量电离辐射生物剂量计。
Journal Article
改变时间分辨力对宫颈癌螺旋CT灌注及辐射剂量的影响
2015
目的研究不同时间分辨力对宫颈癌CT灌注参数以及灌注曲线的影响。方法对10例经临床确诊的宫颈癌患者行CT灌注扫描,原始数据采样时间分辨力为0.75s,然后将原始数据按不同时间分辨力进行分组,分别为1.5、2.25、3、3.75、4.5、5.25、6s组(实验组),各组按照相同的数学模型及相同部位感兴趣区(ROI),分别计算灌注参数血流量(BF)、血容量(BV)、平均通过时间(MTT)、渗透系数(PS)并与原始数据组(对照组)进行比较分析。结果 BF与MTT对时间分辨力的改变较敏感,当时间分辨力为3s时,即产生显著影响;PS与BV对时间分辨力变化的敏感性较差,当时间分辨力为4.5s时,对PS产生显著影响,当时间分辨力为5.25s时,才对BV产生显著影响。结论改变时间分辨力会导致灌注曲线及灌注参数发生相应改变,但在不影响诊断目的前提下,适当减低宫颈癌CT灌注扫描的时间分辨力(循环扫描时间≤2.25s)可以有效降低辐射剂量。
Journal Article
脾脏^18F-FDG摄取在急性放射病中的诊断价值
2015
目的探讨18F-FDG摄取值是否可作为评估核事故后个体受照射剂量的快速精确测定方法。方法将48头西藏小型猪随机分为6个剂量组,分别为0、1、2、5、8、11Gy组。除0Gy组(对照组)外,其余组均接受全身8MV X线离心线性加速器照射。照射前与照射后6、24、72h实施全身18F-FDG PET/CT检查,收集脾脏组织用于组织病理学与凋亡检测;收集血液标本进行外周血分析。结果实验组与对照组的脾脏18F-FDG摄取值差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05或P〈0.01)。照射后6h,脾脏18F-FDG摄取值与照射剂量存在显著相关性,相关系数为0.95(P〈0.01)。组织病理学观察显示脾脏组织损伤程度与所接受的放射剂量呈正比。流式细胞学结果表明脾脏淋巴细胞损伤以凋亡为主。结论在西藏小型猪放射线损伤模型中,脾脏18F-FDG摄取与照射剂量密切相关,18F-FDG PET/CT可用于急性放射病后个体照射剂量的快速评估。
Journal Article
双源CT低剂量适应性序列扫描对心律不齐冠状动脉成像的初步研究
2013
目的研究双源CT低剂量适应性序列扫描技术在心律不齐患者冠状动脉CT血管造影(CTA)中的应用,并评价其诊断准确性。方法2009年1月-2010年12月在浙江医院行双源CTA检查的心律不齐患者134例,根据扫描方式不同分为A组(行常规回顾性心电门控螺旋扫描,n=78)和B组(行适应性序列扫描,n=56)。以传统冠状动脉造影为金标准,计算双源CT冠状动脉CTA的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值并进行组间比较,同时分析比较两组患者的辐射剂量差异。结果A组诊断冠状动脉整体≥50%狭窄的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为97.0%、98.s%、87.4%、99.7%,而B组分别为97.o%、98.8%、88.9%、99.7%,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。A组的有效剂量为12.0±3.6mSv,明显高于B组(3.1±O.7mSv),差异有统计学意义(z一9.826,P=0.00)。结论心律不齐患者进行CTA检查时,应用双源CT适应性序列扫描结合绝对时相重建可获得良好的图像质量及较高的诊断准确性,并可降低辐射剂量。
Journal Article
顺铂对Hela细胞辐射增敏的体外实验观察
2011
目的探讨顺铂对宫颈癌细胞系Hela的细胞毒性和辐射增敏作用,并研究射线与顺铂联合应用的效应关系。方法 MTT法检测Hela细胞在不同浓度药物和不同辐射剂量下的细胞抑制作用;辐射与顺铂联合应用时,MTT法检测细胞抑制率,绘制细胞抑制率曲线,研究顺铂与辐射联合应用时协同效应的条件;克隆形成法研究药物的辐射增敏作用,多靶单击拟合模型方程测定各组细胞辐射增敏比。结果顺铂作用于Hela细胞的半数致死质量浓度(IC50)为10μg/mL,药物与辐射共同作用于Hela细胞时,12 Gy辐射剂量下,顺铂15μg/mL对Hela的细胞毒性显示出明显的浓度依赖性和48 h内的时间依赖性,5μg/mL以上浓度顺铂对Hela的细胞毒性未见明显增加;集落形成法结果显示,顺铂辐射增敏比为1.320;辐射剂量小于10 Gy时,放射线与药物联合应用具有协同效应,而当辐射剂量大于10 Gy时,呈现相加效应或次相加效应。结论顺铂与辐射并用时对宫颈癌Hela细胞增殖具有显著抑制作用,药物具有最佳的辐射增敏剂量;且应尽早应用顺铂增敏化疗,以保证协同效应。
Journal Article
Single W18O49 nanowires: A multifunctional nanoplatform for computed tomography imaging and photothermal/ photodynamic/radiation synergistic cancer therapy
by
Jianjian Qiu Qingfeng Xiao Xiangpeng Zheng Libo Zhang Huaiyong Xing Dalong Ni Yanyan Liu Shengjian Zhang Qingguo Ren Yanqing Hua Kuaile Zhao Wenbo Bu
in
Atomic/Molecular Structure and Spectra
,
Biocompatibility
,
Biomedicine
2015
Combination therapy is a promising cancer treatment strategy that is usually based on the utilization of complicated nanostructures with multiple components functioning as photo-thermal energy transducers, photo-sensitizers, or dose intensifiers for phototherma! therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), or radiation therapy (RT). In this study, ultrathin tungsten oxide nanowires (W18O49) were synthesized using a solvothermal approach and examined as a multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform. In vitro and in vivo analyses demonstrated that these nanowires could induce extensive heat- and singlet oxygen-mediated damage to cancer cells under 980 nm near infrared (NIR)-laser excitation. They were also shown to function as radiation dose intensifying agents that enhance irradiative energy deposition locally and selectively during radiation therapy. Compared to NIR-induced PTT/PDT and RT alone, W18O49 - based synergistic tri-modal therapy eradicated xenograft tumors and no recurrence was observed within a 9-month follow up. Moreover, the strong X-ray attenuation ability of the tungsten element (Z = 74, 4.438 cm^2·g^-1, 100 KeV) qualified these nanowires as excellent contrast agents in X-ray-based imaging, such as diagnostic computed tomography (CT) and cone-beam CT for image-guided radiation therapy. Toxicity studies demonstrated minimal adverse effects on the hematologic system and major organs of mice within one month. In conclusion, these nanowires have shown significant potential for cancer therapy with inherent image guidance and synergistic effects from phototherapy and radiation therapy, which warrants further investigation.
Journal Article
Contrast Dose and Radiation Dose Reduction in Abdominal Enhanced Computerized Tomography Scans with Single-phase Dual-energy Spectral Computerized Tomography Mode for Children with Solid Tumors
by
Tong Yu Jun Gao Zhi-Min Liu Qi-Feng Zhang Yong Liu Ling Jiang Yon Peng
in
Abdomen
,
Abdomen - diagnostic imaging
,
Algorithms
2017
Background:Contrast dose and radiation dose reduction in computerized tomography (CT) scan for adult has been explored successfully,but there have been few studies on the application of low-concentration contrast in pediatric abdominal CT examinations.This was a feasibility study on the use of dual-energy spectral imaging and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASiR) for the reduction of radiation dose and iodine contrast dose in pediatric abdominal CT patients with solid tumors.Methods:Forty-five patients with solid tumors who had initial CT (Group B) and follow-up CT (Group A) after chemotherapy were enrolled.The initial diagnostic CT scan (Group B) was performed using the standard two-phase enhanced CT with 320 mgI/ml concentration contrast,and the follow-up scan (Group A) was performed using a single-phase enhanced CT at 45 s after the beginning of the 270 mgI/ml contrast injection using spectral mode.Forty percent ASiR was used for the images in Group B and monochromatic images with energy levels ≥60 keV in Group A.In addition,filtered back-projection (FBP) reconstruction was used for monochromatic images 〈60 keV in Group A.The total radiation dose,total iodine load,contrast injection speed,and maximum injection pressure were compared between the two groups.The 40 keV and 60 keV spectral CT images of Group A were compared with the images of Group B to evaluate overall image quality.Results:The total radiation dose,total iodine load,injection speed,and maximum injection pressure for Group A were decreased by 19%,15%,34.4%,and 18.3%,respectively.The optimal energy level in spectral CT for displaying the abdominal vessels was 40 keV.At this level,the CT values in the abdominal aorta and its three branches,the portal vein and its two branches,and the inferior vena cava were all greater than 340 hounsfield unit (HU).The abdominal organs of Groups A and B had similar degrees of absolute and relative enhancement (t =0.36 and-1.716 for liver,0.153 and-1.546 for pancreas,and 2.427 and 0.866 for renal cortex,all P 〉 0.05).Signal-to-noise ratio of the abdominal organs was significantly lower in Group A than in Group B (t =-8.11 for liver,-7.83 for pancreas,and-5.38 for renal cortex,all P 〈 0.05).However,the subjective scores for the 40 keV (FBP) and 60 keV (40% ASiR) spectral CT images determined by two radiologists were all 〉3,indicating clinically acceptable image quality.Conclusions:Single-phase,dual-energy spectral CT used for children with solid abdominal tumors can reduce contrast dose and radiation dose and can also maintain clinically acceptable image quality.
Journal Article