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We developed a sensitive and specific method based on recombinase‐aided amplification (RAA) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)‐CRISPR‐associated protein 13a (Cas13a). This method, named CRISPR‐based Rapid and Efficient Test (CRISPRET), is designed for the early diagnosis of Influenza B (FluB) with the aim of shortening its transmission chain. We identified conserved regions in the Influenza B Virus (IBV) NS gene and designed forward and reverse primers along with crRNAs. We then established and optimised the reaction system, and Nucleic Acid Positive Reference Materials of IBV were used to evaluate the detection limit (DL) of CRISPRET. Additionally, we collected 257 clinical samples, comprising 127 samples from patients with IBV infection and 130 samples from healthy individuals, and subjected them to dual detection using CRISPRET and qPCR to evaluate the positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity and specificity of CRISPRET. We designed one forward primer, two reverse primers, and two crRNAs to establish and optimise the CRISPR ET. The method demonstrated the DL of 500 copies·μL−1 when assisted by appropriate equipment. Despite requiring auxiliary equipment and a 30‐min reaction, the CRISPR ET method enables the detection of IBV nucleic acid within approximately the first 5 min, achieving high sensitivity (100%), specificity (97.69%), PPV (97.69%) and NPV (100%), with a concordance rate of 98.83% to qPCR. CRISPRET offers a simple, field‐applicable, one‐step method for the rapid detection of IBV. It has strong potential for field‐testing applications and intelligent integration into existing diagnostic systems. CRISPRET initially designs upstream and downstream primers and crRNAs targeting the NS gene of the Influenza B Virus (FluB) for the identification of the target RNA (NS gene). During testing, RNA from the Influenza B Virus is extracted from clinical throat swab samples using a sample RNA release preservative. The obtained RNA is then combined with the CRISPR‐Cas13a‐targeted RNA system, which includes an RNA fluorescent probe labelled with FAM and BHQ. The samples to be tested were placed into the test wells of the Genchek Fluorometer at a constant temperature of 37°C. The instrument automatically collects fluorescence every 20 s, and the entire reaction curve was obtained after 30 min of reaction. By comparing the results from the Genchek fluorimeter and qPCR, CRISPRET demonstrates high sensitivity (100%), specificity (97.69%), positive predictive value (97.69%), negative predictive value (100%), and an overall concordance rate of 98.83%.

Hybrid nanocomposites of silver nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (AgNPs/MWCNTs) were successfully synthesized by a green one-step method without using any organic solvent. The synthesis and attachment of AgNPs onto the surface of MWCNTs were performed simultaneously by chemical reduction. In addition to their synthesis, the sintering of AgNPs/MWCNTs can be carried out at room temperature. The proposed fabrication process is rapid, cost efficient, and ecofriendly compared with multistep conventional approaches. The prepared AgNPs/MWCNTs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The transmittance and electrical properties of the transparent conductive films (TCF_Ag/CNT) fabricated using the prepared AgNPs/MWCNTs were characterized. The results showed that the TCF_Ag/CNT film has excellent properties, such as high flexible strength, good high transparency, and high conductivity, and could therefore be an effective substitute for conventional indium tin oxide (ITO) films with poor flexibility.

Numerical methods are essential for solving differential equations in applications such as water drainage systems, where precise water level control is critical for industrial and environmental processes. This study compares one‐step numerical methods naming explicit Euler, implicit Euler, implicit midpoint, modified Euler, and fourth‐order Runge‐Kutta (RK4) with multi‐step numerical methods, including Adams‐Bashforth, Adams‐Moulton, and Predictor‐corrector schemes, to solve ordinary differential equations for water tank drainage systems. The analysis focuses on accuracy, stability, computational efficiency, and optimal step size selection. MATLAB scripts and Python (Google Colab) were used to evaluate each method's performance by calculating local and global errors, with detailed analyses of error versus step size, error versus computational effort, and computational effort versus step size. The results reveal that multi‐step numerical methods provide superior accuracy and stability for long‐term simulations but require greater memory resources, whereas one‐step numerical methods are computationally faster but sensitive to step size selection, significantly influencing solution accuracy. This study offers practical recommendations for selecting numerical methods based on application‐specific requirements, providing insights into optimizing numerical approaches for systems requiring precise water level control and balancing accuracy with computational efficiency. This study compares one‐step and multi‐step numerical methods for draining a water tank, assessing accuracy, stability, computational time, and memory. Multi‐step methods offer greater efficiency but require careful initialization and are more memory‐intensive. Higher‐order Runge‐Kutta methods enhance stability, but multi‐step methods may reduce stability with increased order.

Conventional combinatorial anticancer therapy has shown promising outcomes; still, a significant interest in developing new methods to reinforce and possibly merge chemotherapy and immunotherapy persists. Here, a new one‐step method that immediately modifies immune cells into a targeted form of chemoimmunotherapy through spontaneous and rapid incorporation of hydrophobized antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) on the surface of immune cells is presented. Therapeutic objectives of this approach include targeted delivery of a potent chemotherapeutic agent to avoid adverse effects, enhancing the mobilization of infused immune cells toward tumor sites, and preserving the intense cytotoxic activities of immune cells against tumor cells. The embedding of hydrophobized ADCs on the immune cell membrane using the strategy in this study provides noninvasive, nontoxic, and homogenous modifications that transiently arm immune cells with highly potent cytotoxic drugs targeted toward cancer cells. The resulting surface‐engineered immune cells with ADCs significantly suppress the tumor growth and drive the eradication of target cancer cells through combinatorial anticancer effects. This novel strategy allows convenient and timely preparation of advanced chemoimmunotherapy on a single immune cell to treat various types of cancer. Advanced natural killer (NK) cells, instantaneously prepared using a one‐step method, are surface‐engineered with antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs). Combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy in a single cell, these specialized NK cells can target specific tumor cells through antigen recognition, deliver potent chemotherapeutic agents, and destroy tumor cells. Surface engineering of NK cells with ADCs may become an “off‐the‐shelf” reagent for various types of cancer.

Three unreported cationic reactive dyes based on azobenzene were synthesized using a novel synthetic route. Synthesized dyestuffs containing three primary color dyes were characterized by FTIR, H-NMR, LC-MS, Element Analysis and UV-vis spectroscopic techniques. The absorption spectra of dyes were measured in three solvents with different polarities. The dyeing and color fastness properties of three cationic reactive dyes on wool, acrylic and wool/acrylic blend fabrics were determined. The optimum pH for wool and acrylic fabrics were 6 and 5, respectively. Effect of temperature, time on dyeing properties and color fastness properties on wool fabric showed the same tendency with acrylic fabric. The K/S value of wool fabric dyed with three dyes was similar to that of acrylic fabric when both fabrics were dyed simultaneously in the same dyebath using low dye concentration. Wool/acrylic blend fabric dyed with three cationic reactive dyes using onebath one-step method achieved good union dyeing property and excellent color fastness.

Distributed statistical inference has recently attracted enormous attention. Many existing work focuses on the averaging estimator, e.g., Zhang and Duchi (J Mach Learn Res 14:3321–3363, 2013) together with many others. We propose a one-step approach to enhance a simple-averaging based distributed estimator by utilizing a single Newton–Raphson updating. We derive the corresponding asymptotic properties of the newly proposed estimator. We find that the proposed one-step estimator enjoys the same asymptotic properties as the idealized centralized estimator. In particular, the asymptotic normality was established for the proposed estimator, while other competitors may not enjoy the same property. The proposed one-step approach merely requires one additional round of communication in relative to the averaging estimator; so the extra communication burden is insignificant. The proposed one-step approach leads to a lower upper bound of the mean squared error than other alternatives. In finite sample cases, numerical examples show that the proposed estimator outperforms the simple averaging estimator with a large margin in terms of the sample mean squared error. A potential application of the one-step approach is that one can use multiple machines to speed up large scale statistical inference with little compromise in the quality of estimators. The proposed method becomes more valuable when data can only be available at distributed machines with limited communication bandwidth.

CoFe O -reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (CFG) have been successfully synthesized via one-step solvothermal method. The prepared CFG are characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), vibrating sample magnetometer and so on. The FESEM results show that CFG have uniform core-shell structure with an average diameter of about 75 nm and the thickness of the outer graphene shell is about 15-20 nm. The mass ratio of CoFe O to graphene oxide is a key factor affecting the formation of core-shell hybrids. CFG display much higher adsorption capacity for anionic dyes than cationic dyes owing to the favorable electrostatic interaction. The adsorption capacity for methyl orange is observed as high as 263 mg g at 298 K, and the adsorption isotherms follow the Langmuir model. Furthermore, the specific saturation magnetization (Ms) of CFG is 32.8 emu g , and the as-synthesized nanocomposites can be easily separated by external magnetic field after adsorption. The results suggest that CFG have great potential for the practical industrial wastewater treatment.

The loading states and crystal structure control of solid solution catalysts, which greatly influence the catalytic performance, have not yet been achieved simultaneously due to the limitations of previous synthetic methodologies. In this work, a one‐pot in situ polyol method is developed for the phase‐control synthesis of face‐centered cubic (fcc)‐dominated and well‐dispersed immiscible OsxPt1‐x/C. Most fcc‐OsxPt1‐x/C catalysts exhibit superior hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalytic activities compared to those of Pt/C catalysts. Remarkably, the overpotential of fcc‐Os0.3Pt0.7/C in 0.5 m H2SO4 at 10 mA·cm−2 is only 1.0 mV as the top record. In Os0.5Pt0.5/C and Os0.3Pt0.7/C, the weakening of H adsorption on Pt sites, resulting from electronic state adjustments induced by Os alloying, modify the reaction pathways by promoting H2 desorption from more favorable coupled sites, thereby achieving state‐of‐the‐art HER catalytic activities. A one‐step in situ polyol method is proposed to realize steady‐state syntheses and phase control of immiscible OsxPt1−x/C catalysts with homogeneous atomic mixing states. The overpotential at 10 mA·cm−2 of face‐centered cubic (fcc)‐Os0.3Pt0.7/C in 0.5 m H2SO4 is only 1.0 mV as the top‐level HER catalyst. The superior HER catalytic activities of fcc‐OsxPt1−x/C are attributed to the more efficient H2 desorption processes undergoing the modified HER pathways.

In traditional airborne gravimetry, the vertical component of the gravity vector is used as an approximation of the measured magnitude of the gravity vector, which enters the determination of the local geoid. In this study, a comprehensive computational scheme for determining the local geoid using three components of the airborne gravity vector is presented. Our approach extends the existing one-step method for local geoid modeling by incorporating the full gravity vector measured by airborne sensors as boundary values in the gravimetric boundary-value problem. We derive integral kernel functions along with far-zone contributions for the three components of the airborne gravity vector and apply deterministic modifications to them. To validate our derivations, we use a global geopotential model (GGM)-based airborne gravity vectors burdened with realistic colored noise at one of the most challenging test sites for geoid determination, the 1-cm geoid test area in Colorado (USA). Results of closed-loop tests confirm that applying all three components of the GGM-based airborne gravity vector improves the internal accuracy of the geoid by 50% compared to using only the vertical component. We further use real airborne gravity vectors observed at a test site in the same region and show that the STD of the estimated geoid heights evaluated against the reference geoidal heights along the Geoid Slope Validation Survey of 2017 (GSVS17) Line is 2.3 cm using the “traditional approach” and 1.3 cm including the horizontal components. This indicates a significant improvement in the external accuracy (~ 46%) of the geoid when the full gravity vector is used, without using other heterogeneous observations. Graphical Abstract

Polysilsesquioxane (PSQ) is a promising organic-inorganic material, yet the existing studies about large micron-sized PSQ microspheres are relatively rare. In this work, a facile one-step sol-gel method in water/ethanol medium with methyltrimethoxysilane and (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane as precursors, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a dispersant, and NaOH as a catalyst, has been developed for synthesizing large micron-sized thiol-functionalized PSQ microspheres (TPMs). The composition of TPMs was characterized by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, and the morphology of microspheres was characterized by optical microscopy and SEM. Results showed that the resultant microspheres had a high degree of sphericity and a homogeneous internal structure. The number-average diameter ( D mean ) and size distribution of microspheres can be controlled by the stirring rate, dosages of PVP and precursors, and concentrations of NaOH. Stirring was crucial for obtaining large microspheres. Without stirring, the microspheres were uniform, and the D mean was no more than 4.02 μm. With stirring, the obtained microspheres were comprised of large and small groups, and the D mean can be enlarged to 16.15 μm maximally. The formation mechanism was discussed based on monitoring the evolution of microsphere formation using optical microscopy and DLS. As an advanced material, the TPM is promising in the fields of adsorbent and catalyst support. Graphical Abstract Highlights Micron-sized TPMs are prepared by a one-step base-catalyzed method in the presence of PVP. Monodisperse small TPMs with a D mean of about 4 μm are synthesized without stirring by nucleation and growth. Large TPMs with a D mean larger than 10 μm are formed due to the coalescence of oligomer droplets with stirring.