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Im Rahmen der Beruflichen Orientierung an Schulen stellen Potenzialanalysen ein zentrales Instrument dar. Programmatisch grenzen sich diese von schulischem Lernen ab und den Jugendlichen soll in diesem Zuge stärkenorientiert begegnet werden. Anhand ethnografischer Befunde zeigt der Beitrag, wie Jugendliche innerhalb des Verfahrens dennoch auf unterschiedliche Weise in der Präsentation eigener Stärken behindert werden können, und reflektiert hiervon ausgehende Implikationen für die Praxis. (DIPF/Orig.) Competency assessments are central to school-based vocational guidance. They claim to be different from school-based learning and young people should be approached in a strengths-oriented manner. Using ethnographic findings, the article shows how young people can nevertheless be disabled in different ways in presenting their own strengths within the process and reflects on implications for practice. (DIPF/Orig.)

The German vocational education and training (VET) system is admired around the world for its ability to prepare young people for skilled employment. In Germany, VET smooths transitions into work and is closely aligned with labour market demand. This report focuses on an unprecedented test of the German VET system: how to respond to the significant increase in migrants who arrived in the country in 2015-16. The study explores both the opportunities and the challenges presented by migration. Germany has already devoted significant attention to VET as a mechanism for enabling integration – and for good reason. Work-based learning assists integration because it demonstrably gives learners skills that employers want in real-world settings. The report assesses the barriers faced by learners in their journeys into and through VET, exploring how such challenges can be addressed. In addition, the study looks at system-wide issues in relation to how VET provision and integration policy is governed. Lastly, it explores opportunities for increased flexibility in the German VET system of relevance to all youth at risk of not succeeding in VET. In responding to migrant needs, German VET can become more inclusive without reducing quality.

Recent health insurance statistics show that low back pain (LBP) takes the first place in individual diagnoses according to sick leave statistics. As stated by the German back pain study of 2003/2006, long-term prevalence amounts to a total of 74 % to 85 %. In the case of acute unspecific LRS guidelines, recommend the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and patient education in order to motivate the patient to retain an active lifestyle, to stay physically active and to inform the patient about the background of the symptoms. Studies about the current medical supply situation in Germany show injections and passive therapy methods are part of the standard care, whereas educational measures are generally not applied.A Cochrane Review indicates the effectiveness of educational measures that have a duration of 2 hours. Education in the recommended intensity can probably not be realized by health care practitioners within the time framework set aside for treatment and advice. Because of their range of services and their professional competence physical and occupational therapists appear to be predestined for this type of education as intervention.In order to assess the potential of such an intervention for a later more extensive efficacy study a feasibility study should be carried out first. The focus is on assessing the feasibility and the evaluation of intervention education.

In Germany, four to five million community-dwelling people aged 65 years or older fall every year. The presented potential analysis evaluates the potential of occupational therapy-led physical exercise programs and home environment adaptations to reduce the frequency of falling and as well as intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for falling of older people living at home.The potential analysis was compiled according to a method guideline (p.11-22) available as follows: http://www.cochrane. de/news/leitfaden-f%C3%BCr-gesundheitsfachberufe-mai-2013. The research question of fall prevention was considered as very relevant for health care and specified according to the PICOS-system. A Cochrane review was systematically searched and the body of evidence was assessed using the GRADE-system. In addition, studies after the search period of the Cochrane review were identified using the search strategy of this review. Both the studies within and after the review were assessed regarding their transferability to the German health care context.A Cochrane review from 2012 revealed that occupational therapy-led physical exercise programs reduced the frequency of falling of older people living at home (7 studies, 951 participants, 0.68 RaR; 95%-KI [0.58-0.80]), the number of fallers (6 studies, 714 participants, 0.78 RaR, 95%-KI [0.64-0.94]) and the fractures (6 studies, 810 participants, 0.34 RaR, 95%-KI [0.18-0.63]). Further studies showed that home environment adaptation programs significantly reduced the number of falls (4 studies, 1443 participants, 0.69 RaR, 95%-KI [0.55-0.86]) and the number of fallers (5 studies, 1153 participants, 0.79 RaR, 95%-KI [0.70-0.91]). However, direct implementation into the German healthcare context is not recommendable.It is recommended (1) to manualise identified home environment adaptation programmes for the German healthcare context and (2) to pilot-test the physical exercise programmes ‘LiFE’ with regard to theoretical framework, acceptance, applicability and feasibility and to examine both interventions as part of a feasibility study. If this trial results in a feasible treatment programme well accepted by patients and their treating occupational therapists, a large-scaled randomized clinical trial in terms of comparative effectiveness research may follow.

Um aus der wachsenden Fülle der dem Marketing zur Verfügung stehenden Daten konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen für betriebliche Entscheidungen ableiten zu können, ist der Einsatz von quantitativen und qualitativen Analysen unumgänglich.

Wie macht der Management-Nachwuchs in deutschen Großunternehmen Karriere? Der Literatur zufolge müssten dabei personalpolitische Maßnahmen wie Potenzialanalysen, Entwicklungskonzepte, On- und off-the-job Programme etc. tragende Elemente sein. Wie die Realität aussieht, hat die FAZ in einer Serie von 1995 bis 1998 im Gespräch mit über 50 deutschen Großunternehmen verfolgt. Der Autor hat die Ergebnisse ausgewertet und stellt sie hier vor.

Eine der Aufgaben von Personalabteilungen ist der Abbau von Mitarbeitern. Um diesen Mitarbeitern schnell und effektiv zu neuen Jobs zu verhelfen, haben die Internet-Jobbörse worldwidejobs und Kienbaum e-Business gemeinsam ePlacement entwickelt – ein internetbasiertes Outplacementangebot.