Explore the vast range of titles available.

An introduction to adaptations between theatre and film, considering these as distinct from literary adaptation. Places emphasis on performance and event, including the recent growth of digital theatre with phenomena such as NT Live. Case studies show how adaptations can't be divorced from the historical and cultural moment in which they are produced.

Many organisms have complex life cycles with distinct life stages that experience different environmental conditions. How does the complexity of life cycles affect the ecological and evolutionary responses of organisms to climate change? We address this question by exploring several recent case studies and synthetic analyses of insects. First, different life stages may inhabit different microhabitats, and may differ in their thermal sensitivities and other traits that are important for responses to climate. For example, the life stages of Manduca experience different patterns of thermal and hydric variability, and differ in tolerance to high temperatures. Second, life stages may differ in their mechanisms for adaptation to local climatic conditions. For example, in Colias, larvae in different geographic populations and species adapt to local climate via differences in optimal and maximal temperatures for feeding and growth, whereas adults adapt via differences in melanin of the wings and in other morphological traits. Third, we extend a recent analysis of the temperature-dependence of insect population growth to demonstrate how changes in temperature can differently impact juvenile survival and adult reproduction. In both temperate and tropical regions, high rates of adult reproduction in a given environment may not be realized if occasional, high temperatures prevent survival to maturity. This suggests that considering the differing responses of multiple life stages is essential to understand the ecological and evolutionary consequences of climate change.

This case study of adaptation in Arabidopsis thaliana shows that natural selection on early life stages can be intense and can influence the evolution of subsequent traits. Two mechanisms contribute to this influence: pleiotropy across developmental stages and developmental niche construction. Examples are given of pleiotropy of environmentally cued development across life stages, and potential ways that pleiotropy can be relieved are discussed. In addition, this case study demonstrates how the timing of prior developmental transitions determines the seasonal environment experienced subsequently, and that such developmental niche construction alters phenotypic expression of subsequent traits, the expression of genetic variation of those traits, and natural selection on those traits and alleles associated with them. As such, developmental niche construction modifies pleiotropic relationships across the life cycle in ways that influence the dynamics of adaptation. Understanding the genetic basis of life-cycle variation therefore requires consideration of environmental effects on pleiotropy.

Seasonal and inter-annual climate variability have become important issues for farmers, and climate change has been shown to increase them. Simultaneously farmers and agricultural organizations are increasingly collecting observational data about in situ crop performance. Agriculture thus needs new tools to cope with changing environmental conditions and to take advantage of these data. Data mining techniques make it possible to extract embedded knowledge associated with farmer experiences from these large observational datasets in order to identify best practices for adapting to climate variability. We introduce new approaches through a case study on irrigated and rainfed rice in Colombia. Preexisting observational datasets of commercial harvest records were combined with in situ daily weather series. Using Conditional Inference Forest and clustering techniques, we assessed the relationships between climatic factors and crop yield variability at the local scale for specific cultivars and growth stages. The analysis showed clear relationships in the various location-cultivar combinations, with climatic factors explaining 6 to 46% of spatiotemporal variability in yield, and with crop responses to weather being non-linear and cultivar-specific. Climatic factors affected cultivars differently during each stage of development. For instance, one cultivar was affected by high nighttime temperatures in the reproductive stage but responded positively to accumulated solar radiation during the ripening stage. Another was affected by high nighttime temperatures during both the vegetative and reproductive stages. Clustering of the weather patterns corresponding to individual cropping events revealed different groups of weather patterns for irrigated and rainfed systems with contrasting yield levels. Best-suited cultivars were identified for some weather patterns, making weather-site-specific recommendations possible. This study illustrates the potential of data mining for adding value to existing observational data in agriculture by allowing embedded knowledge to be quickly leveraged. It generates site-specific information on cultivar response to climatic factors and supports on-farm management decisions for adaptation to climate variability.

There is a pressing need for prevention programs that address increasing rates of epidemics and pandemics, including noncommunicable diseases. However, many populations face substantial systemic barriers to accessing traditional prevention programs. To minimize persistent service utilization gaps for underserved populations, the field requires effective, efficient, and sustainable methods to increase accessibility and cultural relevance of prevention programming to multiple audiences. Cultural adaptation is one such strategy, but it can be daunting for many preventionists. Therefore, this paper presents a step-by-step guide to streamline the cultural adaptation of prevention programs through digitization and use of a novel application of storyboarding methodology, called “blueprint storyboarding.” This innovative approach to cultural adaptation is designed to increase systematicity through manualization, efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and adaptability for multiple cultures and developmental stages. We illustrate this novel method by describing how we applied the blueprint storyboarding approach after digitization to culturally adapt the JUS Media? Programme, a food-focused media literacy program designed to buffer media-related obesity risks for diverse youth.

Climate change significantly impacts aquaculture by altering key water‐quality parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia, and turbidity—factors essential for effective brood fish management and seed production. This review critically examines how these environmental changes affect broodstock physiology, spawning performance, and larval development. Drawing on a wide range of peer‐reviewed literature and regional case studies, it identifies integrated mitigation strategies, including optimised breeding protocols, water‐quality regulation, and recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), that can enhance climate resilience. As hatchery resilience represents a core component of broader climate resilience within aquaculture, the strategies discussed contribute to strengthening both. While these approaches show promising outcomes in addressing climate‐ and water‐related challenges, concerns remain, in some cases, regarding their economic feasibility and long‐term sustainability. The findings highlight the importance of system‐based solutions that combine technological innovation, adaptive management, and multi‐stakeholder collaboration. Emphasis is also placed on the need for location‐specific interventions tailored to geographic and climatic contexts. The review concludes with practical recommendations to improve hatchery resilience through targeted research, supportive policy measures, and scalable, sustainable practices.

The brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) is the most serious pest of rice across the world, especially in tropical climates. N. lugens nymphs and adults were exposed to high temperatures to determine their critical thermal maximum (CT(max)), heat coma temperature (HCT) and upper lethal temperature (ULT). Thermal tolerance values differed between developmental stages: nymphs were consistently less heat tolerant than adults. The mean (± SE) CT(max) of nymphs and adult females and males were 34.9±0.3, 37.0±0.2 and 37.4±0.2°C respectively, and for the HCT were 37.7±0.3, 43.5±0.4 and 42.0±0.4°C. The ULT₅₀ values (± SE) for nymphs and adults were 41.8±0.1 and 42.5±0.1°C respectively. The results indicate that nymphs of N. lugens are currently living at temperatures close to their upper thermal limits. Climate warming in tropical regions and occasional extreme high temperature events are likely to become important limiting factors affecting the survival and distribution of N. lugens.

Perennial crops are vital to the global food supply, providing valuable nutrition and economic benefits, but are at risk of severe climate damages. Most climate research has focused on major annual crops like cereals and has focused on the overall impact of climate change on yields providing limited actionable knowledge to support adaptation. In this study, we bring together climate scientists, biometeorology specialists, plant scientists, and agricultural engineers to develop a new perennial crop modeling framework that integrates climate modeling, horticulture and agronomy science, and statistical modeling. We apply this framework to California almonds as a case study, because they offer robust data to calibrate and evaluate our model. Our model quantifies the influence of climate in each almond development stage and of innovation on county‐level yields. We simulate future yield changes under a large multi‐model ensemble of high‐resolution climate simulations and innovation scenarios. We find that climate change could lead to yield losses of 17% by 2100 under moderate warming (SSP245) and 49% under high warming (SSP585); however, we also find that sustained innovation gains could more than offset these negative climate impacts. We identify increasing minimum temperatures and humidity during the bloom and pollination period as well as heat stress during the growing period as the main drivers of yield losses. We discuss synergistic strategies to limit the negative impacts of climate change and to ensure continued gains from innovation. This modeling approach could provide valuable insights into climate adaptation strategies for other perennial crops and regions. Plain Language Summary Perennial crops like nuts and fruits provide sizable nutrition and economic benefits to society but face significant risks from climate change. Unlike annual crops like maize and wheat, perennial crops have received little attention in climate impact studies. To address this knowledge gap, we combine expertise from climate science, crop science, and agricultural engineering to advance the modeling of perennial crops and use California almonds as a case study because they contribute 80% of the global almond supply and offer robust data. Our approach represents how environmental conditions in different almond growth stages impact almond yields in different years and counties. Our modeling framework projects 17% yield losses under moderate warming and 49% yield losses under high warming by 2100. Our results also show that continued innovation gains can offset these climate damages. We identify warmer nights and higher humidity during pollination and excessive heat during the growing stage as major threats to future almond yields in California. This research can provide almond growers with insights to adapt to climate change more effectively and to prioritize innovation investments in the future. It also offers a modeling framework that can be adapted to other perennial crops and regions facing similar challenges. Key Points Through interdisciplinary modeling, we project future almond yields and identify detailed climate damages and potential innovation gains Higher minimum temperature and humidity during bloom and higher heat stress during the growth stage explain most of the climate damages Future agronomic innovation and targeted adaptation strategies can offset climate damages and even result in future yield gains

Purpose The aim of this study was to explore elderly patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) white matter changes, the relationship between white matter (WM) abnormalities and emotional regulation strategies, coping styles in elderly ESRD patients. Methods Twenty-eight elderly ESRD patients and twenty-eight sex and age matched healthy controls (HC) were included in this study. Tract-based spatial statistic (TBSS) was used to investigate the microstructural changes of WM. Two questionnaires were used to measure emotional regulation strategies and coping styles. Results Neuroimaging analysis showed that the damage of WM structure was widespread in elderly ESRD patients. Psychological test results showed that there were differences in emotional regulation strategies and coping styles between elderly ESRD patients and HC. Furthermore, mediating analysis showed that the mean diffusivity (MD) of the significantly different brain regions played a complete mediating role between group and positive coping style. Conclusion These results suggest that the integrity of WM, emotional regulation strategies and coping styles play an important role in ESRD patients. Our findings provide evidence that positive coping style may be fully mediated by MD. These results may help us develop new ways to treat and prevent physical and psychological problems in elderly ESRD hemodialysis patients.