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Microbial oxidation of lithospheric organic carbon in rapidly eroding tropical mountain soils
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Microbial oxidation of lithospheric organic carbon in rapidly eroding tropical mountain soils
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Microbial oxidation of lithospheric organic carbon in rapidly eroding tropical mountain soils
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Journal Article
Microbial oxidation of lithospheric organic carbon in rapidly eroding tropical mountain soils
2018
Overview
The reaction of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) with silicate rocks provides a carbon sink that helps counterbalance the release of CO 2 by volcanic degassing. However, some types of rocks contain petrogenic organic carbon, the oxidation of which adds CO 2 to the atmosphere, counteracting the drawdown by silicates. Hemingway et al. present evidence from the rapidly eroding Central Range of Taiwan showing that microbes oxidize roughly two-thirds of the petrogenic organic carbon there and that the rate of oxidation increases with the rate of erosion. Science , this issue p. 209 The oxidation of organic carbon in rapidly eroding mountain soils is microbially mediated. Lithospheric organic carbon (“petrogenic”; OC petro ) is oxidized during exhumation and subsequent erosion of mountain ranges. This process is a considerable source of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to the atmosphere over geologic time scales, but the mechanisms that govern oxidation rates in mountain landscapes are poorly constrained. We demonstrate that, on average, 67 ± 11% of the OC petro initially present in bedrock exhumed from the tropical, rapidly eroding Central Range of Taiwan is oxidized in soils, leading to CO 2 emissions of 6.1 to 18.6 metric tons of carbon per square kilometer per year. The molecular and isotopic evolution of bulk OC and lipid biomarkers during soil formation reveals that OC petro remineralization is microbially mediated. Rapid oxidation in mountain soils drives CO 2 emission fluxes that increase with erosion rate, thereby counteracting CO 2 drawdown by silicate weathering and biospheric OC burial.
