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Burden of Malaria during Pregnancy in Areas of Stable and Unstable Transmission in Ethiopia during a Nonepidemic Year
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Burden of Malaria during Pregnancy in Areas of Stable and Unstable Transmission in Ethiopia during a Nonepidemic Year
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Journal Article
Burden of Malaria during Pregnancy in Areas of Stable and Unstable Transmission in Ethiopia during a Nonepidemic Year
2003
Overview
Little is known about the epidemiology of malaria during pregnancy in areas of unstable (epidemic-prone) transmission (UT) in sub-Saharan Africa. In cross-sectional studies, peripheral malaria parasitemia was identified in 10.4% of women attending antenatal care clinics at 1 stable transmission (ST) site and in 1.8% of women at 3 UT sites; parasitemia was associated with anemia in both ST (relative risk [RR], 2.0; P<.001) and UT (RR, 4.4; P<.001) sites. Placental parasitemia was identified more frequently during deliveries at ST sites (12/185; 6.5%) than at UT sites (21/833; 2.5%; P=.006). Placental parasitemia was associated with low birth weight at the ST site (RR, 3.2; P=.01) and prematurity at ST (RR, 2.7; P=.04) and UT (RR, 3.9; P=.01) sites and with a 7-fold increased risk of stillbirths at UT sites. The effectiveness and efficiency in Ethiopia of standard preventive strategies used in high-transmission regions (such as intermittent preventive treatment) may require further evaluation; approaches such as insecticide-treated bednets and epidemic preparedness may be needed to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes
Publisher
The University of Chicago Press,University of Chicago Press,Oxford University Press
Subject
/ Adult
/ Anemia
/ Animals
/ Antimalarials - therapeutic use
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Blood
/ Female
/ Fever
/ Humans
/ Malaria
/ Malaria, Falciparum - complications
/ Malaria, Falciparum - drug therapy
/ Malaria, Falciparum - epidemiology
/ Malaria, Falciparum - transmission
/ Malaria, Vivax - complications
/ Malaria, Vivax - drug therapy
/ Malaria, Vivax - epidemiology
/ Malaria, Vivax - transmission
/ Male
/ Obstetric Labor, Premature - complications
/ Plasmodium falciparum - isolation & purification
/ Plasmodium vivax - isolation & purification
/ Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - drug therapy
/ Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - epidemiology
/ Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - parasitology
/ Women
