Journal Article

Izvidi u kontekstu transnacionalnog kriminala

Hržina, Danka, Rošić, Marijo

2023

Overview

Članak nastoji praktičarima ponuditi odgovor na pitanje kako naložiti provođenje izvida u inozemstvu i kako postupiti kod zaprimanja zahtjeva u provedbi izvida izdanih od stranih država u okviru međunarodne policijske ili pravosudne suradnje. Autori uvodno definiraju pojam izvida kao neformalnih radnji koje se poduzimaju u predistražnoj fazi postupka kako s aspekta pozitivnih propisa Europske unije (dalje: EU) i sudske prakse Republike Hrvatske tako i s aspekta zakonskihrješenja i prakse drugih država članica EU-a. Nadalje, autori se bave i pitanjem dokazne snage izvida, razlikama u pravnim sustavima država članica EU-a u vezi s odlučivanjem o zakonitosti dokaza koji će se koristiti na raspravi i na kojima će se temeljiti presuda, kao i uvjetima pod kojima se dokaz pribavljen u inozemstvu smatra zakonitim dokazom u domaćem kaznenom postupku. Članak nudi odgovor na uvodna pitanja s obzirom na važeće instrumente pravosudne i policijske suradnje,s posebnim naglaskom na obavijesnim razgovorima s građanima koji se nalaze u inozemstvu, budući da navedena izvidna radnja predstavlja poseban izazov za praktičare. Zaključno, u članku se upozorava na postojanje pravnih praznina čije prevladavanje zahtijeva ili veću harmonizaciju kaznenog procesnog prava na razini EU-a ili izradu novog „instrumenta“ pravosudne, odnosno policijske suradnje. This article attempts to offer practitioners an answer to the question of how to order the conduct of inquiries abroad and how to proceed when receiving requests for the implementation of investigations issued by foreign countries within the framework of international police cooperation or judicial cooperation. In order to answer the questions raised, the authors initially define the term inquiry as informal actions undertaken in the pre-investigation phase of the procedure both from the perspective of positive regulations of the European Union (hereinafter: EU) and the judicial practice of the Republic of Croatia, as well as from the perspective of legal solutions and practices of other Member States of the EU. In addition to the legal definition of the term inquiry, the authors also deal with the issue of the probative value of the inquiry, the differences in the legal systems of the EU Member States regarding the decision on the legality of the evidence that will be used in the trial and on which the judgment will be based, as well as the conditions under which the evidence was obtained and considered abroad as legal evidence in domestic criminal proceedings. Starting from the established differences in the legal systems of the EU Member States, the authors offer answers to the introductory questions starting from the valid instruments of judicial and police cooperation. In this light, the authors analyse the possibilities offered by international police cooperation, with special emphasis on intelligence interviews with citizens who are abroad, given that the said investigative action represents a special challenge for practitioners. In conclusion, the aim of the article is to point out the existence of legal gaps, the overcoming of which requires either a greaterharmonisation of criminal procedural law at the EU level or the creation of a new “instrument”of judicial and police cooperation in order to ensure the effective implementation of informalactions and the acquisition of all relevant information in the crucial, pre-investigation phase ofproceedings in transnational crime cases.

• Publisher: Hrvatsko Udruzenje za Kaznene Znanosti,Hrvatsko udruženje za kaznene znanosti i praksu
• Subject: Action / Answers / Cooperation / Court hearings & proceedings / Crime / Criminal investigations / Criminal law / Evidence / Harmonization / Intelligence / International cooperation / International crime / International law / izvidi, europski istražni nalog, informacija, transnacionalni kriminal, međunarodna suradnja, zakonitost dokaza / Legal system / Legality / Police / pre-investigation, inquiry, European Investigation Order, transnational crime, international cooperation, admissibility of evidence / Questions / Regulation / Transnationalism / Writers