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Control of anatectic source rock and melt segregation on metal fertility of W–Sn granites in Sirohi region, NW India
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Control of anatectic source rock and melt segregation on metal fertility of W–Sn granites in Sirohi region, NW India
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Journal Article
Control of anatectic source rock and melt segregation on metal fertility of W–Sn granites in Sirohi region, NW India
2025
Overview
W–Sn deposits are primarily linked to peraluminous
S
-type granites, with elevated ore-metal contents attributed to fractional crystallization. We explore additional factors affecting the W–Sn endowment of granites, focusing on anatectic source and melt-residue equilibrium during anatexis. This study focuses on W–Sn ore-locality near Sirohi (NW India). We evaluate the effects of greisenization in the metapelitic country rocks, prior to using them as source rock for open-system phase equilibria modelling. The aim was to model the batch melting and accumulated fractional melting, and fractional crystallization, to assess their effects on the W–Sn budget of granitic melt. Modelling suggests that ~ 30–35% of metapelitic source rock partially melts, with muscovite and biotite dehydration reactions primarily contributing W and Sn. However, the metal contribution of these reactions, in terms of W/Sn ratio, is distinct. The batch melt (W: 10 ppm, Sn: 37 ppm) and accumulated fractional melt (W: 15 ppm, Sn: 50 ppm) differ slightly in their W and Sn contents. On the cooling path, fractional crystallization promotes an increase in ore-metal concentrations by seven- to ninefold. Upon fractionation, the granitic melt derived by accumulated fractional melting (W: 141 ppm, Sn: 455 ppm) is significantly enriched in ore metals compared to the one from batch melting (W: 92 ppm, Sn: 355 ppm). Compared to global average pelite, Sirohi metapelites, being chemically mature, show improved potential to generate a metal-fertile granitic melt. Results highlight the importance of recycled metasedimentary rocks that are pre-enriched in W and Sn prior to their anatexis, towards the metal fertility of
S
-type granites.
Graphical abstract
Linking anatectic factors to metal fertility of W-Sn granites
